^^"SOS ANGELES 

A GUIDE BOOK 



Mte^ 



NATIONAL 

EDUCATIONAL 

ASSOCIATION 

1907 





Class tM9— 

Book I^ES- 

Copyright N» 

COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



LOS ANGELES 

A GUIDE BOOK 

COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 

DR. E. C. MOORE 
MARTIN C NEUNER 
ROBERT O. HOEDEL 

BY 

ALICE MARY PHILLIPS 

FOR THE 

National Educational Association 



1907 

The Neuner Company, Publishers 

Los Angeles, Cal. 



p- 



UBRARY of CONei^ri^l 
Two Cootes ^^fxiim ' 

JUL 24 90r 

I Copyright Entry 
COPY B. 



^;^S 







ANGLLL5 19^7 



C\.pyri!;hi 



LOCAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE IN CHARGE 

OF ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE 

CONVENTION 



F. Q. Story Chairman 

\\\ W. Wood Treasurer 

Frank Wiggins Secretary 

Robert O. Hoedel Assistant Secretary 

Charles Silent Finance 

C. A. Parmelee Hotels 

J. M. Guinn Halls 

Dr. J. F. Millspangh Music 

O. M. Souden Entertainment 

Dr. E. C. Moore Publicity 

J. H. Francis Railways and Excursions 

Mark Keppel Membership Southern California 

Jas. A. Barr Membership Northern California 

James A. Foshay Reception 

M. C. Neuner Printing and Badges 

F. W. Blanchard Decorations 

Victor H. Tuttle Information and Baggage 

Melville Dozier lleadq's. Books, School Appliances 

A. H. Chamberlain Ex-Officio Member 

J. J. Morgan Member at Large 



As a souvenir of Los Angeles and of the 
Convention of 1907, this little book has 
been prepared for the members of the 
National Educational Association. It 
makes no pretensions of being a com- 
plete guide, nor does it seek to take the 
place of the railroad and street car 
folders. In the gathering together of 
the material, the aim has been to give 
a connected story of Los Angeles and 
Southern California, from the time of 
the original inhabitants, the Indians, up 
to the present day. If those who read 
are enabled to form any clearer idea 
of this country and are thereby inter- 
ested and the more inclined to love the 
land of sunshine and flowers, the mis- 
sion of the book will have been accom- 
plished. 



CONTENTS 



T. Early History 1-17 

I [. Growth of the City 18-61 

Puhlic Schools 26-32 

Chamber of Commerce 33-35 

Banks and Trust Companies 38-42 

Mercantile Institutions 43-48 

Manufacturing- Industries 48-53 

Electric Roads 53-61 

111. Los xAngeles— In and About 63-92 

The Parks 65-69 

The Beaches 70-84 

The Inland Towns 85-92 

IV. Along El Camino Real 93-109 

The Missions 98-109 

V. Condensed Information 110-144 

Locations of Hotels and Offices 113-120 

Excursions and Rates 126-132 

Points of Interest 132-144 

VI. Index 145-150 

Map of Business Section 150-151 



Tn the preparation of this l)ook, ac- 
knowledgement is due to the Los 
Angeles people for their kind as- 
sistance, and especially to Mr. F. 
Q. Story, President of the Cali- 
fornia Fruit Growers' Exchange, 
for information concerning the 
Citrus Fruit Industry; to Mr. 
J. Henry Wood, of the Southern 
California Savings Bank, for the 
article on Banks and Trust Com- 
l)anies;'and to C. C. Pierce & 
Company for the use of their 
copyrighted photographs. 



LOS ANGELES: A GUIDE BOOK 



EARLY HISTORY 

CHE history of Los Angeles, the history of all 
California, begins in ]Mexico. Juan Rodrigues 
Cabrillo, starting from Navidad, State of Sinaloa, 
Western Mexico, in 1542, and sailing up the coast, 
entered the Ba\' of San Diego, and, landing where the 
city of that name now stands, he was the first European 
to put foot on California soil, thirty-seven years before 
Sir Francis Drake sailed past the Golden Gate. He then 
sailed into San Pedro Bay, which he called the Bay of 
Smokes. From there he probably obtained his first view 
of the present site of Los Angeles, but it was two cen- 
turies later before an}^ white man entered the valley in 
which the city is situated. 

Baja, or Lower California, apparently barren and un- 
productive, was prospering under the rule of the Jesuits 
and Dominicans, but by order of His Most Catholic 
^Majesty, Carlos III, the Jesuits were removed from 
power, and the Franciscans were given Alta California 
for their territory, with Baja California left in the control 
of the Dominicans. 

The Franciscans, under Junipero Serra, started the first 
Mission at San Diego, in 1769. That same year Captain 
Caspar de Portola, by appointment of the Spanish crown 
Governor of the Californias, crossed the Los Angeles river 
where the Buena Vista bridge now stands, and marched 
over the Elysian Hills, through the Cahuenga Valley, and 
very likely down to the present Plaza. It was the second 

1 



ICARI.V HISTOR\ 



day of August, the feast of Our Lady of the Angels, when in 
grave sonorous Spanish, Portola took possession, with his 
followers, of the site of the present city in the name of Spain, 
and called it Nuestra Sefiora la Reina de los Angeles. 
The river they called Porciuncula, from a stream in Italy 
dear to the heart of St. Francis. At that time there was a 
straggling Indian village called Yang-Na where Com- 
mercial and Alameda streets are now^. The Indians were 

stupid but friendly, and 
made no resistance to 
the strange white men. 
It was twelve years 
later before the formal 
establishment of the 
pueblo which has since 
become the city of Los 
Angeles. 

Father Serra found- 
ed his second mission 
at Monterey, the then 
most northerly point of 
Spanish occupation. 
The missions of San 
Antonio de Padua and 
San Gabriel Arcangel 
between San Diego de 
Alcala and San Carlos 
Borromeo were next dedicated. Before the time Los An- 
geles was founded there had been eight missions estab- 
lished between San Diego and San Francisco, one presidio. 
Monterey, and one experimental town, San Jose. As 
every one knows, the missions were the outcome of the 
plans of the church for christianizing the Indians, and the 
little towns which sprang up around them were natural 
outgrowths. 

The real colonization of Alta California was part of the 
theoretical scheme formulated in Spain, adopted from the 
Romans, whereby there were to be presidios and pueblos. 




Copyright C. C. P 
An Early Map 



ce &• Co. 



THE FOUXDfNG OF THK CITY 



with the pueblo as the unit of settlement. The presidio 
was purel}' a military post, consisting solely of a fort with 

its soldiers, and the pueblo 
was a town wherein was to 
be centered the industrial, so- 
cial and political life of the 
country. Monterey, San 
Francisco. Santa Barbara 
and San Diego were presi- 
dios, while the first estab- 
lished pueblos were San Jose. 
Los A n g el e s and Santa 
Cruz. 

When Colonel Felipe de 
Neve was appointed Governor 
of California, the whole of Al- 
ta California was depending 
on the port of San Bias, in 
the state of Sinaloa. for sup- 
plies, an inconvenient and 
unbusinesslike arrangement, 
owing to the great distance from the scene of operations. 
De Neve, who was second only to Father Serra in ability 
and force of character, pre- 
pared to found towns which 
should form the bases of 
supplies for the presidios 
and missions. San Jose was 
founded for this purpose in 
1777. and Los Angeles in 
1781. In spite of this fact, 
Los Angeles was the first le- 
gally ordained city of Cali- 
fornia, San Jose having been 
established by way of ex- 
periment, without s p e c i ti c 
authority from the King. De Neve conceived the idea 
of establishing the pueblo at Los Angeles as the prin- 





4 KARLY 11 1 STORY 

cipal l)ase of supplies. The plan had the appro\al ol 
the Commander, General Teodoro de Croix, who sub- 




Early Los Angeles 



mitted it to Galvez, member of the King's colonial council, 
who then presented it to King Carlos, and from him it was 
returned to De Neve as a royal regulation. De Neve then 
ordered Captain Rivera to secure settlers for the new town. 

This was not ac- 
complished until 
1781, when eleven 
families were i n - 
duced to leave the 
fertile plains of Son- 
ora and Sinaloa for 
the unknown land of 
Alta California. A 
plan of the pueblo 
was drawn up, 
which specified that 
it was to contain 
four square leagues, 
and thus the original Los Angeles measured six miles 
each way. Near the center of this area, where now are 





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m ' ' 


' -d 



THE PLAZA 5 

Marchessaiilt, Main. Bellevue and High streets, a plaza 
was laid out. 275x180 feet, around which were building lots 
111x55 feet in size. Outside of tliis there were seven-acre 
fields, two for each settler, and a common pasturage. The 
streets of the pueblo were to run northeast and southwest, 
and southeast and northwest, to secure sunlight in the 
Iiouses from all sides. 

On the fourth of September, 1781, the families arrived 
from San Gabriel, led by the governor with soldiers bear- 
ing the Spanish banner. At the plaza a procession was 
formed of governor, soldiers, priests from San Gabriel 
with their Indian acolytes, the male settlers and the 
women and children, who carried the banner of the Vir- 



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The First Plaza 



gin. About the plaza the curious Indians from Yang-Na 
saw the priests ask a blessing on the new town, heard 
the speech of the governor and the final prayers and 
benedictions of the priests. This solemn and impressive 
ceremony proclaimed the establishment of the first pueblo 
or town in the new California, specifically authorized by 
the King of Spain, now the phenomenally prosperous city 
of Los Angeles. 

Under the arrangement with the colonists of Sinaloa made 
by Captain Rivera upon the instructions of Governor De 



6 EARLY HISTORY 

Xeve, each settler was allotted his building- site and parcel 
of farming land, providing that he should, within three 
years, build a good adobe house and clear his land, and 

he w a s sup- 
plied, with a 
f e w chickens, 
corn and 
wheat for seed, 
farming instru- 
ments and a 
little live 
stock. After 
five years he 
w a s to obtain 
title to his 
portion, b u t 
this title was 
in the nature of a leasehold for life, the land remaining 
the property of the king. The little colony increased con- 
siderably in the next few years by reason of the addition 
to population of the soldiers who bad finished their term 





of service and who married native women, and later, the 
(laughters of the original colonists. By 1790 the number 



THE GOVERNMENT 



of familes had increased to twenty-eight with a total 
population of 139. One family had departed for San 
Jose, and in return San Jose had furnished a substitute 
in the person of Sebastian Alvitre, who for many years 
enjoyed the distinction of being the most wicked man in 
California. Most of the reports of the Comisionado of 
Los Angeles to the governor at Monterey contained the 
information that Alvitre was in jail again. 

The names of some of the new settlers are still well 
known and have been perpetuated for all time as designat- 
ing certain localities round about and 
some of the principal thoroughfares 
of the modern city, among which may 
be mentioned Figueroa, Garcia, Dom- 
inguez. Pico, Reyes, Ruiz. Lugo, Se- 
pulveda and Verdugo. 

Until 1788 Vicente Feliz, a corporal 
of the governor's military establish- 
ment, acted as general manager of the 
colony or pueblo, under the title of 
"Comisionado," being the only local 
administrative, judicial and legislative 
authority. After 1788, the pueblo, 
being theoretically entitled to local 
self-government, was to elect an al- 
calde and two regidores or council- 
men. The records of the times are so 
meager that little can be told of its af- 
fairs. The little pueblo went along 

quietly enough. The building of the irrigating ditches, 
the planting and harvesting of crops, the small business 
afifairs of the colony proceeded in a leisurely manner, as 
became the newly constituted aristocrats in a country of 
dolce far niente. The natural fertility of the soil and the 
salubriousness of the climate conspired to make exis- 
tence easy and agreeable. 

In 1790 the colony produced a larger crop of grain than 
any of the missions, except San Gabriel. Ten years later 




EART.Y I^ISTORY 



the crops of grain had increased 
ments to such an extent that it w 




1 iiip ^IpW 





An Early Ranch House 

health were tlien, as now, the perqu 
The census of 1790 revealed an 
interesting commentary upon 
the glorious climate which has 
made Los Angeles the mccca 
of seekers after health and long- 
life. Out of eighty adults, nine 
were over ninety years of age, 
an extraordinary ratio. The 
settlers induced the Indians to 
perform most of the hard work, 
and therefore were enahled to 
pass the time with the sports 
and pleasures of the day, cock- 
fighting, dancing and social in- 
tercourse. 

In 1784 Felipe de Neve, the 
first Governor of California 
and founder of the city of 
Los Angeles, died, having been 
succeeded as governor by 



beyond local require- 
as ])ro])osed to furnish 
annually for tlie San 
Bias market 3,400 
bushels of wheat at 
a price equal to 
$1.66 per bushel. 

New settlers ar- 
rived; old soldiers 
came down fro m 
Monterey to pass 
their days in the en- 
joyment of their 
pensions and in the 
comfort of a warm 
and equable climate. 
Long life and good 
isites of the inhabitants. 




ROMANCE 



Pedro Pages in 1782. The history of our city from this 
time forth is a large part of the history of the rise and 
fall of the missions and their founders and the history 
of the progress of the whole 
state under Spanish rule. It is 
all of absorbing interest, but is 
too voluminous for this little 
book, and our visitors must be 
referred to the more pretentious 
histories of that time. The most 
complete and interesting of 
these, written by Charles Dwight 
Willard, was published by the 
Los Angeles Herald during 1901, 
and afterwards printed in book 
form by Kingsley, Barnes & 
Neuner Company of this city, to 
which we are indebted for much 
of the information in this vol- 
ume. 

The history of our pueblo, 
like that of all California, has 
an atmosphere of romance, 
which appeals to the imagina- 
tion of visitor and resident. 

Look down from the summit of Mount Lowe, across 
the hills and valleys that stretch away to the Pacific, 
orange groves, flower gardens, quiet villages, palaces and 
cottages, a large town, a great city. The background of 
all this charming picture is made by the brown hills, 
now as in those colony days covered with the native 
grasses, alfileria, burr clover, wild oats, which furnished 
free fodder for the thousands and tens of thousands of 
cattle, the natural increase of the small herds of the first 
colonists. 

With your mind's eye follow El Camino Real from 
Mission San Diego twenty days' travel to San Francisco. 
The journey has been described in song and story. There 
2 




Mission 
Santa Ysabel 



10 



EARLY HISTORY 



were the padres at their beautiful mission stations, hospi- 
tably receiving the weary traveler at the end of the day, 

offering an Indian servant to care 

for the horse and prepare the 
bath for the horseman. Gardens 
of brilliant blossoms, of flowers 
and fruit, furnished rest and re- 
freshment for eyes weary from 
the glare of the sun and strained 
by the limitless vista of hill and 
plain; a glass of native wine, a 
substantial meal, a chat with the 
padre in the garden cooled by the 
evening breeze, a peaceful sleep 
beneath the stars, and then an- 
other day's journey began. The 
padres in their missions were the 
bone and sinew of the early in- 
dustrial growth of California. 
Their foresight and energy made industrious workers of 
the native Indians. Flocks and herds increased, grain 




■•iS^WLi.. 



^^^f^^f^ffm^ 



fields were tilled and planted, harvests were bountiful; 
and in the meantime Los Angeles grew and prospered. 



PERIOD OF STRIFE 



11 



While the colonists on the Atlantic Coast were fighting 
for existence with hostile savages, wrestling with giant 
trees, clearing stubborn soil, suffering with cold and hun- 
ger during winters of snow and ice, 
the Californians were leading a life of 
ease and pleasure while Indian serv- 
ants performed the labors of field and 
farm. Faint echoes of the wars in 
Europe and of the Revolution in the 
English colonies reached the Pacific 
shores months and years after the 
momentous events occurred. 

But nature's peacefulness must ever 
be disturbed by man. When Spain 
was fighting her battles at home, she 
failed to furnish money and supplies 
for the military branch of her distant 
colony. There were clashes of au- 
thority between the padres and the governors. Levies 
were made upon the treasure chests, the granaries and the 
cattle range. There was almost constant strife between 
Church and State, until at last the missions and their 
glory were destroyed by the rapaciousness of military 
tyranny. Nevertheless there was a constant increase of 





prosperity and wealth. Los Angeles had been selected 
by the Fates as the metropolis of an empire. 



12 EARLY HISTORY 

In 1805 the first American ship sailed into San Pedro 
harbor to barter with the colonists for otter skins and 
food supplies. Afterwards a considerable trade in hides 
and tallow was carried on despite the fact that all com- 
merce with foreigners was forbidden by the home govern- 
ment, and the traders were smugglers. 

In 1806 the growing of sisal hemp from plants imported 
from Sinaloa became a profitable industry. The fiber was 
exported to Spain. 

In 1812 work had been begun upon a church building 




located somewhere east of the Plaza, but when the river 
changed its channel during the great flood of 1815, the 
location was changed to the present site of the Church 
of Santa Maria, Our Lady, Queen of the Angels. Five 
hundred cattle were contributed by the citizens, but these 
were appropriated by Governor Sola, who promised in 
return to build the church out of the government revenues. 
As the home government was unable or unwilling to fur- 
nish funds for the support of the civil and military authori- 
ties of the colony, the promise was not fulfilled, and the 
work on the church edifice was abandoned until, at the 
request of the president of the missions, the padres con- 
tributed seven barrels of brandy worth less than $600 



THE PLAZA CHURCH 



13 












for the continuance of building operations. In 1821 the 
fund being exhausted, the padres were again appealed to. 
and more brandy was contributed. Governor Sola also 
made a subscription of cash, in which he was joined by 
colonists in all parts of the state. The church was com- 
pleted and dedicated 
in 1822, and the 
present edifice was 
constructed in 1861, 
largely from the 
material in the old 
building. 

During the quar- 
ter of a century in 
which Califoirnia was 
a territory of the 

Mexican Republic, no less than eight regularly appointed 
governors administered its affairs, besides several who were 
self constituted or held temporary power as the result of 
the long series of revolutions. Los Angeles being the 
largest pueblo in the colony, it was ambitious to become 
the capital, and was the headquarters of the various con- 
spiracies that undertook to achieve independence of Mexi- 
can authority. In 1825, Jose Maria Echeandia having 

succeeded Arguello 
as governor, moved 
from Monterey to 
San Diego, prefer- 
ring the latter as a 
place of residence. 
This action being re- 
sented by the people 
of Monterey, the 
capital, a rebellion was fomented and the rebel army 
marched southward. Governor Echeandia met the mal- 
contents near Santa Barbara with 150 men, and one of 
the bloodless battles of that period took place, and the 
rebels were put to flight. 




14 



EARLY HISTORY 



In 1831, Manuel Victoria was appointed to displace 
Echeandia as governor, and almost immediately a move- 
ment was begun in Los Angeles to depose him. A mani- 
festo was issued signed by the leading citizens, including 
Pio Pico and Jose Carrillo. About 
two hundred men were enrolled and 
marched northward to meet the gov- 
ernor's forces coming from Monterey, 
which had again become the actual 
seat of government. Two of the 
prominent members of the Los An- 
geles party were killed in a personal 
encounter, the governor was wounded, 
and his troops defeated. The colon- 
ial legislature elected Pio Pico gov- 
ernor, but his title was contested by 
Echeandia at San Diego and Zamor- 
ano at Monterey. Each claimant as- 
sembled one of those miniature ar- 
mies which was the principal feature 
of the revolutionary tactics of those 
days. They marched within sight of 
each other and then marched home 
again. Meanwhile a fund had been 
raised towards which Los Angeles 
citizens contributed $125 to send the 
regularly appointed governor, Vic- 
toria, out of the colony. 

In the early part of 1832, Jose Fig- 
ueroa was appointed to take Vic- 
toria's place, and he held the position 
until his death three years later. He 
was the best of all the governors ap- 
pointed by Mexico, and was succeeded 
by Pariano Chico, the worst. Within six months, after hav- 
ing incurred the enmity of all sections and having had an 
especially bitter altercation with the principal officials of 
Los Angeles, who were arrested by his orders and con- 




MEXICAN GOVERNORS 



15 



demned to death, Chico suddenly departed for Mexico. 
The imprisoned officials were released; Gutierrez, next in 
command to Chico, undertook to act as governor, and 
this precipitated another revolution. This was led by 
Juan Alvarado, who had been an employe in the custom 
house at Monterey. His forces compelled Gutierrez to 
capitulate, and Alvarado announced his intention to de- 
clare the independence 
from Mexico of the "free 
and sovereign State of 
California." This declar- 
ation did not please the 
Pueblo of Los Angeles, 
and when Carlos Carrillo 
was appointed governor 
b y Mexico, he had no 
difficulty in raising a vol- 
unteer ''army" from 
among the residents of 
Los Angeles to proceed 
against Alvarado. A 
"battle" took place at San 
Buenaventura; one man 
was killed, and the Los 
Angeles forces were put 
to fiight. Alvarado con- 
tinued as governor for five years, and in 1842 was suc- 
ceeded by the Mexican General Micheltorena. During 
his term of three years there was constant strife 
between the colonists and the band of adventurers which 
accompanied him from Mexico in the guise of soldiers. 
They were designated by the colonists "Micheltorena's 
Lambs," and their depredations were the cause of another 
revolution lead by Alvarado. In this Los Angeles sided 
with the revolutionists, and a fierce battle was fought 
near by, at Cahuenga. Micheltorena, being defeated, re- 
turned to Mexico, and a citizen of Los Angeles, Pio Pico, 
who had been temporary governor in 1831, became the 




The First Trading Post 



16 



EARLY HISTORY 



last of the governors of California under Mexican rule. 
Visits of vessels were few and far between, and the 
arrival of a small vessel from Mexico in 1822, announcing 
the close of the revolution and the accession to power of 




the Emperor Iturbide, aroused the colonists to new- 
thoughts and desires, not always good ones. The spirit 
of revolution which prevailed in Mexico after that time 
was communicated to Los Angeles, which became head- 
quarters for revolutionists, and miniature wars were fought 

mostly without blood- 
shed. The spirit of 
strife was in the air. 
Incapable and tyr- 
annous governors 
robbed the missions. 
Outlaws and rene- 
gades held up the 
luckless traveler or 
levied tribute upon 
the herds of the pad- 
res and colonists. 
Mexico began to 
make California a dumping ground for criminals, and 
until the protests of the colonists were heeded manj^ 




An Olive Mill 



AMERICANOS 



17 



shipments of undesirable men and women were thrust upon 
them. There were floods and drouths to destroy the prop- 
erty and try the courage of Los Angeles citizens. The 
population increased notwithstanding, and from 1810 
to 1820 the number of inhabitants of the pueblo 
doubled. In 1830 the popula- 
tion had grown to the number 
of 1,200 souls. In 1835, during 
the revolutionary strife, an ef- 
fort was made to move the cap- 
ital of the colony from Mon- 
terey to Los Angeles, and the 
order for removal was promul- 
gated by the government in 
Mexico City. Not until 1845 
was the order made effective, 
and events were then moving 
so rapidly that the change was 
of little importance, for two 

years later the American flag was hoisted over the 
presidio at Monterey, and Pio Pico, the last Gov- 
ernor of California under Mexican authority, retired 
to private life. California prepared to take her place 
among the American states, and our city of Los Angeles 
entered upon a new era of her destiny, prepared, as al- 
ways since, to extend a welcome to the settler or tourist 
seeking homes, wealth or health. 





-^acjt 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



The first American, as the term is used to designate a 
citizen of the United States, to settle in Los Angeles was 
Joseph Chapman, who came around the Horn in 1818 with 
Bouchard the pirate. Having been taken prisoner when 
Monterey was captured, he journeyed south when released, 
and, arriving in Los Angeles, became a man of mark on 




General Fremont's Headquarters 



account of his mechanical ability. He built for Padre 
Zalvidea at San Gabriel the first successful water power 
grist mill. He framed the timbers for the first church and 
his work may now be seen in the Church of our Lady of 
the Angels, which was constructed from the original. He 
also built the first boat, which was constructed at San 
Gabriel, taken apart and carried to San Pedro, where it 
was reassembled and launched. For thirty years Chapman 
exemplified among the indolent natives the energy and 
skill which have enabled Americans to build this great 
city. 

The industrial growth of Lo> Angeles, begun so humbly 
by this American pioneer, advanced with varying for- 



MEXICAN WAR 



19 



tunes. From 1830 to 1845 it was scarcely noticeable. A 
few parties of hunters and trappers found their way from 
the East across the mountains and plains. They were re- 
ceived with scant courtesy by the colonists, who, faithful 
in their allegiance to Mexico, instinctively felt the danger to 
their quiet, pastoral ex- 
istence in this advance 
of eastern energy and 
ambit ion. The ar- 
rival o f Commodore 
S I o a t with his war- 
ships; the action of his 
successor, Commodore 
Stockton, in taking 
possession of Mon- 
terey in advance of 
the beginning of war 
between the United 
States and Mexico ; 
the subsequent cap- 
ture of Los Angeles — 
then the capital of the 
colony — by the com- 
bined forces of Com- 
modore Stockton and 
General Fremont, are 
matters of history 
fraught with great sig- 
nificance to our embryo 
metropolis. There was 
a serious revolt against 

American authority; the garrison under Major Gillespie 
left by Fremont to hold the captured city was forced to 
leave. Afterwards the American forces were defeated at 
the battle of Dominguez Ranch. 

The arrival of General Stephen Kearney with troops 
from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and the return to this 
city of General Fremont, finally resulted in the battle of 




20 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



San Gabriel, ten miles from. Los Angeles, and on January 
10, 1847, the city was again in possession of the Ameri- 
can troops, of which Commodore Stockton as superior 




Building Occupied by Stockton 



officer was in command. The house chosen by him as 
military headquarters is still standing on Olivera street. 
A fort was built on the hill above the present Broadway 
tunnel, called Fort Moore. The Californians surrendered 
to Fremont, who had arrived with his army from the 

north. A conflict of au- 
thority between Stock- 
ton, Kearney and Fre- 
mont resulted in the ap- 
pointment by Stockton, 
of Fremont as governor 
of the territory. He 
served in the capacity 
less than two months, 
when, as a result of the 
controversy between 
these authorities, Fre- 
mont was recalled to Washington, found guilty of insub- 
ordination and was allowed to resign from th^ vi.rmy. 




NDUSTRIAL PROGRESS 



21 



The city was under military authority, represented by 
about five hundred troops, until August, 1848. 

The first American legislature of California met in 1849, 
and divided the state into counties, of which Los Angeles 
was one, its bound- 
aries including part 
of the present Kern 
County, all of San Ber- 
nardino, part of River-, 
side, and all of Orange 
and the present Los An- 
geles County. The first 
assessment taken in this 
large territory showed 
a total valuation in real estate of $748,UUU, in nnprovements 
of $301,000, and of $1,180,000 in personal property. A com- 
parison of these figures with the vast aggregation of 
wealth now apparent in this area is the strongest com- 
mentary upon the industrial progress of Los Angeles and 





Sixth Street Park, 1882 

the surrounding country, of which it is the acknowledged 
metropolis. 

Owing to the discovery of gold further north, the great 
influx of population to California concentrated at San 



22 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



Francisco, and Los Angeles, which had been the most 
important and most populous town in Mexican California, 
was entirely ignored. There was no railroad, and the only 
regular means of communication with the outside world 
was a steamer line from San Francisco. In 1850 the popu- 
lation was only 1,610; in 1860 it had grown to 4,400; in 
1870 the census showed 5,614 inhabitants. 

During this period the condition of the city may be 
compared to that of a seed sown on fertile soil. It had 

reached the stage of cor- 
ruption. It was perhaps 
the wickedest city in the 
United States. Fights, 
murders, lynchings and 
robberies were of almost 
daily occurrence. Law 
and order were at a dis- 
count. Vigilantes were 
organized to punish ban- 
dits and outlaws. At 
one time the mayor re- 
signed his office to be- 
come the leader of a 
lynching party. This ac- 
tion seemed to be fully 
justified by the circum- 
stances. Three sheriffs 
and two city marshals 
were killed during their terms of office. Finally fifty crim- 
inals were captured and placed in jail, eleven were hung, 
and the social atmosphere became somewhat clearer. 

Soon the seed began to sprout. In 1850 the first protest- 
ant church was established and others followed. The Ma- 
sonic order opened a lodge in 1854. The first hospital was 
established in 1858. In 1856 the yield of oranges was about 
400 boxes. The first telegraph line was established in 1860 
with San Francisco. In 1868 the first bank was established 
by Alvinza Hayward. In the autumn of the next year 




First Court House 



FRUIT SHIPMENTS 



23 



a railroad was constructed from San Pedro to Los An- 
geles. The Southern Pacific Railroad from San Francisco 
was completed in 1876. The next year the first carload 
of oranges for the 
eastern market was 
shipped by Mr. 
Wolfskin, taking a 
month to reach the 
St. Louis market. 
About 1,500,000 gal- 
lons of wine were 
exported, and now 
the sprouting plant 
of industrial devel- 
opment was visible 
above the surface. 

In 1880 the population had become 33,881 and the as- 
sessed valuation of city property $18,000,000. The prog- 
ress of growth until the autumn of 1885 was gradual. 





Coijyright by C. C. I'l 
Second and Broadway, 1885 



The Southern Pacific had completed its connection be- 
tween Los Angeles and the East over its southern route; 
oranges and other- natural products had been exhibited at 



24 



GROWTH OK THE CITY 



the New Orleans Exposition, and the former .had taken 
first prize in competition with Florida fruit. 

The world at large began to see the possibilities of 
Southern California as a health resort as well as a pro- 
ducer of horticultural products. The completion of the 
Santa Fe Railroad and the consequent completion of 
freight and passenger rates induced large numbers of 
eastern people to inspect the new land of promise. x\s 
at the present time, those who came to look remained to 
live. The rate of fare from Chicago was for some time 




only twenty-five dollars and even for a short period as low 
as five dollars. People of every class came, among them 
real estate speculators, honest and fraudulent. This sud- 
den influx of optimists caused the most phenomenal ad- 
vances in prices of real estate and an era. of wild specula- 
tion resulted, which could have only one ending. The 
whole country was laid out in town lots. Twenty-five 
town sites were surveyed between this city and San Ber- 
nardino, a distance of thirty-six miles. Farm land for- 
merly worth $30 per acre was sold as orange land for $300 
to $500. The recorded real estate transfers in the county 
for the year 1887 amounted to about $100,000,000. The as- 
sessment of land values in the county outside the city 



THE BOOM 25 

rose to $32,000,000 in 1886, and in 1888 was $63,000,000. 
The plant which had hitherto grown so steadily and 
strongly, now, under the stimulus of the forcing process 
of wild speculation, shot upward so rapidly that only one 
course was possible; a careful pruning alone would assure 
continued healthy growth. 

Then the reaction came; the next year the assessment 
was $47,000,000, and in 1890 had fallen back to the figures 
before the boom started; $20,000,000. These figures tell 
the story of the real estate boom in and about Los An- 
geles with which the world is familiar. 




Now we have followed the propagation of the seed of 
industrial progress from its planting after the Mexican 
war, through flood and drouth, revolutions and rioting, 
through slow sprouting and forced growth, until we are 
ready to present to our visitors, to the guest and the 
home-seeker, for personal inspection and judgment, the 
fairest of municipal industrial trees, loaded with flowers 
and fruit. Hundreds of smaller trees are growing about 
it; you may have one of your own; it will grow from slip 
or seed. Help yourselves; sit down and take care of your 
portion, and, under the stimulus of good soil, good climate, 
good associations, and that still more potent factor — the 
success of Success — you may reach the fullest develop- 
ment vouchsafed to man. 
3 



26 GROWTH OF THE CITY 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS 

The public school system of Los Angeles consists 
of seventy-nine different organizations, each bearing its 
separate school name. These schools are housed in 
seventy-seven buildings, the two evening schools being 
held in buildings occupied also by day schools. In size 













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liUHL 




IE I 

m 


M 


«»^jm 



Polytechnic High School 

the schools vary from one class of fifty pupils to twenty- 
five classes of like size. The total enrollment of p;:riis 
for the year 1906-7 was 41,578; the number of teachers 
employed, 1,025. 

Three of the seventy-nine schools are high schools, two 
of them being general literary and scientific institutions, 
the other, polytechnic. Twenty-eight of the grammar 
school buildings contain sloyd rooms and twelve of them 
cookery rooms. These sloyd and cookery rooms are 
maintained as centers to wdiich boys of the fifth, sixth, 
seventh and eighth grades are sent for sloyd, and girls of 
the seventh and eighth grades for cooking lessons. Kin- 
dergarten classes are held in fifty-two of the buildings. 

In an effort to reach individual pupils who are working 
at more or less disadvantage in the grades, twenty-two 
ungraded classes have been established and are main- 
tained as centers to which boys and girls needing indi- 



SCHOOL SYSTEM 



27 




vidual teaching and discipline may be sent. Only twenty 
pupils are assigned to a teacher in these rooms, so that 
each one may get the advantage of individual teaching. 

Any pupil who in 
the judgment of his 
teacher and princi- 
pal needs individual 
teaching, is eligible. 

In addition to the 
twenty-two special 
ungraded rooms, 
there are three spe- 
cial classes for tru- 
ants. These special 
schools are placed 
in charge of young 
men whose aim in 
management is to make the school life of the boys as far 
as possible like real life outside of school, the theory 
being that if school is made like 
life, boys will like to go to school, 
for the same reason that they like 
to live. The theory and plan works 
so well that the percentage of at- 
tendance in these schools averages 
99 as against 94 in the regular 
graded classes. 

In connection with the Juvenile 
Court and Detention Home, a 
Parental School is conducted in 
temporary quarters pending the 
completion of the Parental School 
building now in process of erec- 
tion. The plant when com- 
pleted will consist of s c h o ol 

buildings, dormitories, living rooms, shops for manual 
training and ten acres of land for agricultural education. 




28 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



It is hoped to have this school ready for the opening of 
the school year on September 16, 1907. 

The one feature of the Los Angeles School Department 
which has in it more of significance for good than all 
other things combined is the non-partisan Board of Edu- 
cation. In 1904 a new charter went into efifect in the city, 
which changed the membership of the Board from nine 
members elected by wards to seven elected at large. Be- 
fore the first election under this charter, at the call of the 
Municipal League, a committee of one hundred citizens 




was formed to try to lift the schools out of politics. 
This committee elected seven of the busiest and most 
prominent citizens and placed them before the voters. 
Two of the political parties endorsed them, and the 
people elected them nearly unanimously. Since then an- 
other election has taken place of the same kind, and the 
city is well established in non-partisanship in school af- 
fairs with all that it augurs for clean and efificient service 
in the Department. 

The Los Angeles State Normal School was opened in 
September, 1882, and is this year celebrating its twenty- 
fifth anniversary. In the order of establishment, it is the 
second of the California system of normal schools, and 



THE STATE NORMAL 



29 



was for the first year maintained as a branch of the par- 
ent school at San Jose. From the first the institution 
has maintained the highest practicable standards of prep- 




aration and instruction. Beginning with a two-year 
course, it quickly abandoned this for one of three years, 
which in turn gave way to a four-year course above the 
ninth grade. Since 
the close of the 
year 1903 graduation 
from a four-year 
high school course 
or its equivalent has 
been necessary for 
admission. In 1905, 
in addition to its 
regular two-year 
course, it has had an 
optional course of 
three years, offering 
advanced academic 
work and securing 
for its graduates two 

years credit which may be used in a University course. 

The school has a fine gymnasium, well equipped manual 

training and domestic art departments; and it is the only 




30 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



normal school in California which maintains a department 
for the training of kindergartners. The school museum 
is being reorganized on modern lines, so as to serve more 
fully the educational needs of the school. New and well 
planned courses in nature study and agriculture have 
been introduced and, together with the advanced course 
in manual training for special students, are proving their 
great value increasingly. 

Besides the regular work of the school, an extension 



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IM- -'"^ 


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iiife^ 




0m 




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mm 

smUM 


K^^ 


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■ ^' ^-^^-' "■ 


■•■I 

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IS" ' :, 


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la««..' 


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department is one of the more recent developments, which 
has for its end the more efficient cooperation of the Nor- 
mal School and other educational activities of Southern 
California. The work of this department is conducted by 
the instructors of the several departments by means of 
lectures, conferences, and study courses. During the pres- 
ent year this work has been carried on with Women's 
Clubs, Child-Study Clubs, Teachers' Reading Circles and 
Farmers' Clubs. 

During the twenty-five years of its history, the Los 
Angeles State Normal School has achieved the magni- 
ticent record of an attendance of more than four thou- 
sand students, and of having graduated approximately two 
thousand, who have contributed very greatly to the educa- 



COLLEGES 



31 




tional progress of not only this, but also other states. 
Besides the public schools in Los Angeles, there are 
private schools and colleges of every curriculum and de- 
nomination for both 
boys and girls. At 
Highland Park be- 
tween Los Angeles 
and Pasadena in the 
midst of twenty-five 
fertile acres is Occi- 
dental College, a 
Presbyterian institu- 
tion of high rank and 
liberal teachings. 
The Stimson Library 
is one of the best li- 
brary buildings on 

the coast. The University of Southern California is a 
Methodist institution and has a medical department. The 
Catholic schools and convents are so well appointed and 

prosperous that 
they maintain a 
summer institute 
for teachers from 
the dioceses of 
Monterey and 
Los Angeles 
every year. 

There are nu- 
merous day and 
boarding schools 
under the various 
Catholic orders 
which maintain a 
high standard of 
scholarship and culture. One of the most interesting 
of these is the St. Boniface Industrial School for Indian 
boys and girls at Banning. Here in the foothills, be- 




32 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



tween Grayback and San Jacinto, the Indian children 
learn the trades and accomplishments of the white man. 
Numerous private schools, both classical and military, 
are scattered through- 
out the city. Harvard 
A c a d e m y, near the 
grounds of the Country 
Club, is conducted on 
the most improved En- 
glish plans. 

The Girls' Collegiate 
School in the pictur- 
esque Casa de Rosas is 
one of the best known 
of the schools for girls 
and the Cumnock 
School of Oratory and 
Expression attracts in- 
terest because of the 
building in which it is 
located, which is a di- 
rect copy of Shakespeare's home at Stratford. Though 
not in Los Angeles, Pomona College at Claremont de- 
serves attention because it is the largest Christian college 
west of Colorado. It was organized in 1888, under Con- 
gregational auspices but it is not in any sense denomina- 
tional, having teachers and graduates of every class of 
religion. 





CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 



33 



EXHIBITS 

Since its beginning the Los Angeles Chamber of Com- 
merce has been inseparably connected with the growth 
of the city of Los Angeles. The Chamber was organized in 
1888 on a small financial basis with only one hundred and 
fifty members. Since then it has done more than any one 
other factor to assist in the progress of the city until now 
it is a successful ins.titution with nearly 2,500 members. 




There is no other city in the country that has so large an 
organization in proportion to its population. Its work is 
not limited to the city alone, but embraces Los Angeles 
County and all Southern California. It is located in a six- 
story building in the center of town and devotes the second 
and third floors to its exhibits and offices. The exhibits are 
on the main and gallery floors, the first having 14,000 
square feet of space and the latter 7,000. The attractions 
which aroused comment at the Columbian Exposition, at 
the Mid-Winter Fair in San Francisco, the Trans-Missis- 
sippi Exposition, the Pan-American, the Lousiana Purchase 
and the Lewis and Clarke Expositions still bring thou- 
sands of people from all parts of the world to visit it yearly. 
There is shown a great variety of Southern California 



34 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



products, especially fruits, dried, canned and crystalized, 

some of which are built into artistic and striking shapes. 
In a room especially set aside for the purpose is the 

Coronel Collection, donated in 1901 by Doha Mariana, 
widow of Don Antonio Coronel, 
one of the most picturesque and 
charming figures of the old regime 
in California, justly one of the 
most honored in his day. The 
collection is varied and interest- 
ing, including Toltec relics from 
Mexico, many California Indian 
artifects, and a large quantity of 
articles relating to Don Antonio 
himself and to the old regime in 
California. All are worth while, 
but the Spanish-California part 
enormously overbalances all the 
rest in historic and scientific in- 
terest, and is literally priceless. 

Copyright by C. C. Pierce & Co.There is the San Diego cannon. 
Don Antonio Coronel the first piece of artillery which 

came into California with Juni- 

pero Serra, and the powder can which was brought at the 

same time in the ship, the San Antonio. There are articles 

made of iron by the Indian blacksmiths at San Fernando, 

— plow points, bells, 

anvils, locks and keys, 

spurs, scissors, chains 

and other articles used 

in the mission com- 
munities of the past 

century, vessels of 

hammered copper and 

raw-hide chain used in 

surveying the Mission 

San Gabriel. There is the mission cattle brand, T. S., so 

marked for Tembolores, the Earthquake Mission, as San 



^pp^ 


^1 


MpBg* 


"wm 


^4 




1^. ■ 




^^^^m 


1 ^ 




INDIAN RELICS 



35 



Gabriel was often called. There are lamps, candlesticks 
and books that belonged to Padre Zalvidea; there is the 
cruet used by Junipero Serra at Carmel Mission; and a 
hundred other priceless relics. Just as interesting and as 
valuable, because 
absolutely identified, 
are the personal be- 
longings of Don An- 
tonio and the me- 
mentos of Helen 
Hunt Jackson. The 
room is full of mem- 
ories and historical 
associations and is 
well worth an ex- 
tended visit. 

A feature of par- 
ticular interest, especially to eastern visitors is the Palmer 
collection of Indian antiquities, one unique and complete 
in the field that it covers and containing many perfect and 
rare specimens. Even a superficial study of these ancient 
relics will give a fairly good idea of the manner in which 
the primitive races of this locality lived. The mineral col- 
lection whch was formerly the property of the Southwest 
Miners Association, well classified and arranged, has a po- 
sition on the main floor. Other objects of interest can 
only be appreciated by those visiting the exhibit in 
person. Every afternoon there is a stereopticon lecture 
on Southern California in Assembly Hall. 





36 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



SOUTHWEST SOCIETY OF ARCH^OLOGICAL 
INSTITUTE OF AMERICA 

The Southwest Society of the Archaeological Institute of 
America is the largest and most active scientific society in 
the country. At present its collections are on exhibition in 

the Pacific Electric Building 
where visitors are received 
from two to four every after- 
noon. There is nothing in 
Los Angeles that will appeal 
more strongly to the scholar- 
ly thaji these objects which 
recall and illustrate the his- 
tory and r o m a n c e of the 
Southwest — "the lives of the 
men before us." The ex- 
hibit includes a series of oil 
sketches of the Southern 
California missions painted 
by William Keith, sketches 
of priceless value, and the Ca- 
balleria collection of 34 oil paintings which hung in various 
missions before the order of secularization was passed. 
There is also a fine and, in many respects, a unique col- 
lection from the pre- 
historic pueblos and 
cliff dwellings of Ari- 
zona and a remarkable 
collection of the arti- 
fects of the "First 
Southern Californians" 
— the coast tribe of In- 
dians. In a minor col- 
lection is a unique group 
of Southern California Indian basket; 
most important collection of Spanish 





the largest and 
and Indian folk- 



songs ever made; and the personal relics and papers of 



THE SOUTHWEST MUSEUM 



37 



John C. Fremont, the Pathfinder, including the Rocky 
Mountain flag, which he unfurled on the crest of the 
Rockies in August, 1842. 

The Society has purchased thirty-eight acres which will be 
the site of a building to be known as the Southwest Museum. 




The plans call for a magnificent structure in the Spanish 
style, modelled somewhat after the old Alhambra. It will 
be situated on the hill in the valley of the Arroyo Seco in 
the northeastern part of town opposite Sycamore Grove, 
on the main highway between Los Angeles and Pasadena. 
This site will insure a marvellous view "down the valley 
over the city of Los An- 
geles andout to the 
Islands of Santa Catalina 
and San Clemente; 
across the wonderful hills 
which wall the Arroyo 
Seco from the east; 
straight down upon the 
little urban cameo of 
Highland Park and 

then for ninety miles along the tremendous bulwark 
of the Sierra Madre from the Tejunga to San Jacinto." 




38 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



LOS ANGELES BANKS AND TRUST COMPANIES 

To the discriminating visitor — the one who by knowl- 
edge and observation is capable of making comparisons — 
the visible strength and prosperity of the financial insti- 
tutions of Los Angeles is one of the most impressive 
facts to attract immediate attention. 

Grand structures, magnificent banking quarters, wide- 
awake people in charge, and a genuine aspect of business- 
like methods, on all prominent 
corners in the city's center, in- 
variably conveys the idea that in 
the matter of banks this city is 
well represented. 

The underlying facts fully sus- 
tain such an impression, for we 
have — taking the figures officially 
compiled Jauary 1, 1907 — thirty- 
nine banks, whose combined cap- 
ital and surplus exceed the sum of 
$18,000,000 and whose deposits 
amounted to over $100,000,000. 

Los Angeles is a very young 
city, but the size and importance 
of its leading banks as compared 
with older cities of equal popu- 
lation are noticeably in its favor. Taking four other cities, 
having each a population of about 250,000 the standing of 
their three leading banks, and of the three leading banks 
in Los Angeles, is as follows: 




Deposits of the Three Largest Banks in the Following 
Five Cities. 

1. Los Angeles $44,000,000 

2. Minneapolis 38,000,000 

3. Jersey City 32,000,000 

4. Indianapolis 23,000,000 

5. Louisville, Ky 15,000,000 



THE BANKS 39 

Viewing the entire banking field in Los Angeles as a 
whole, the showing on January 1, 1907, as to names of 
banks and total deposits, is as follows: 

1. Security Savings Bank $15,515,339.36 

2. First National Bank 15,450,468.06 

3. Farmers and Merchants National Bank.. 13,110,929.00 

4. German American Savings Bank 9,373,447.90 

5. Southern California Savings Bank 7,569,673.14 

6. American National Bank 4,701,616.76 

7. Merchants National Bank 4,286,664.17 

8. Los Angeles Trust Company 4,154,920.74 

9. Citizens National Bank 3,135,188.80 

10. Central Bank 2,367,273.11 

11. Broadway Bank and Trust Company 2,262,708.72 

12. National Bank of California 2,150,000.00 

13. State Bank & Trust Company 1,980,203.86 

14. American Savings Bank 1,450,126.56 

15. Equitable Savings Bank 1,348,295.93 

16. Commercial National Bank 1,320,111.89 

17. California Savings Bank 1,154,555.63 

18. Southern Trust Company 1,138,857.30 

19. Merchants Trust Company 1,073,000.00 

20. Dollar Savings Bank & Trust Company.. 1,050,331.39 

21. Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company 871,303.00 

22. Home Savings Bank 748,194.20 

23. State Bank & Trust Company 578,787.11 

24. Bank of Southern California 567,482.1 1 

25. International Savings & Exchange Bank.. 533,000.00 

26. National Bank of Commerce 352,584.72 

27. Bank of Los Angeles 312,118.14 

28. Federal Bank * 215,265.00 

29. Fraternal Savings & Commercial Bank... 207,248.04 

30. Japanese-American Bank 165,000.00 

31. Market & Produce Bank 150,000.00 

32. Bank of Highland Park 100,000.00 

33. Kimmon Ginko 100,000.00 

34. South Side Bank 81,034.50 

35. Manhattan Savings Bank 73,000.00 

36. Pacific Savings Bank 59,668.20 

37. Main Street Bank 52,000.00 

38. Globe Savings Bank 50,156.00 

39. Bank of Huntington Park 35,000.00 

Scattering banks, estimated 75,000.00 

Grand Total Deposits $100,020,553.28 



40 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



It is quite clear from the preceding table that the banks 
here are as strong as they look, and that the visitor's first 

impression of strength 
^^^P^ . ..,.. ^., -«,.., _ ^^^ stability will be con- 

JCIfi^^^fes. I firmed by a closer in- 

^I^^K^ I vestigation and analysis 

of the items which com- 
prise the assets of each 
institution. 

For the accommoda- 
tion of customers, most 
of the banks have large 
banking rooms, and are 
as a r u le , located at 
prominent corners. In 
Los Angeles there is a 
greater proportion of 
banking business tran- 
sacted for the assistance 
and convenience of trav- 
elers than in most cities of its size, and this condition has 
led to the adoption of 
methods especially de- 
signed to give satisfac- 
tory service to tourists 
who are visiting here 
and who are apt to find 
it rather inconvenient 
to secure proper identi- 
fication in a strange city. 
A plan adopted by the 
leading savings banks is 
described as follows: 

Each bank in eastern 
cities is furnished with 
a blank form of letter of 
introduction addressed 
to the savings bank in 





TRUST COMPANIES 



41 




Los Angeles, and attached to it is a stub for signature of 
payee. The eastern bank officers send to the savings 
bank samples of their own signatures. When a cus- 
tomer is coming to 
Los Angeles, the 
letter of introduc- 
tion is filled out by 
the eastern bank., 
and the stub with 
payee's signature is 
mailed to the sav- 
ings bank. There is 
thus on file here, 
when the visitor ar- 
rives with the letter 
of introduction, a 
sample of his or her 

signature as well as the signature of the eastern bank. 
This makes a fairly good chain of evidence by which the 
stranger can be identified, and so saves the trouble and 

annoyance which so 
often mars a visitor's 
pleasure while a w a y 
from home. This sys- 
tematic method of pro- 
viding identification in 
advance is rather an' 
expensive one for the 
bank here, and for that 
reason its operation is 
•limited to the larger in- 
stitutions. 

As a matter of his- 
t o r i c a 1 record of 
growth the banking in- 
dustry of Los Angeles 
makes a remarkable 
showing for the past 




42 



GROWTH OF THE CiTY 



forty years, when the first bank was opened here. But 
the growth of the last ten years is the most noticeable. 
At that time there were less than 25% of the present num- 
ber of banks, and their deposits amounted to about 10% of 
their total today. An increase of about 75% in number 
of banks, and of about 90% in amount of deposits, is a 
most exceptional record of ten years' growth. 

Taking specific instances of this growth: The three 
oldest banks now doing business, viz., Farmers & Mer- 
chants National (which was organized in 1871), the First 
National Bank (organized 1880), and the Security Savings 




Bank (organized as Los Angeles Savings Bank in 1884), 
are also the largest, showing that the development has 
been along natural lines in which the first banks partici- 
pated in due proportion. The present standing of these 
three banks in relation to the subsequently organized in- 
stitutions is as follows: 

Security Savings Bank, deposits Jan. 1, 1907. .$15,515,339.36 
First National Bank, deposits Jan. 1, 1907.. .. 15,450,468.06 
Farm. & Mer. Nat. Bank, deposits Jan. 1, 1907 13,110,929.00 

Total of these three, Jan. 1, 1907 $44,076,736.42 

Total of all other banks, Jan. 1, 1907 55,843,816.86 

Grand Total $100,020,583.28 

The stability of our banks is noteworthy. Only two 
bank failures in its history is the Los Angeles record. 
These were small and happened in 1893 and 1895, so that 
in the ten years of greatest growth there have been no 
black spots to spoil the page of progress. 



BUILDINGS 



43 



MERCANTILE INSTITUTIONS 

One of the evidences of the growth of Los Angeles is 
found in the number of first-class buildings that fill the 
business district. Not more than half a century ago the 
greater part of the city was built of adobe or wood, and 
even up to the end of the last century there were few 
fire-proof structures; now every block shows structures of 
brick, re-enforced concrete and steel. The business of the 




town increased each year and took on the dimensions of 
a great city's trade, but the appearance of the business 
district was that of a country village. It was not until 
the beginning of the century that thoroughly modern 
buildings were erected in Los Angeles, while today there 
are whole blocks of imposing structures. From one stand- 
point this dilatory action has been of advantage to the 
city, for now that she has begun the erection of modern 
fire-proof structures she can profit by the experience that 
other cities have been gaining all these years. Today Los 
Angeles has hotels, ofifice buildings, banks and stores com- 
pleted or in course of construction which would be a 
credit to any city. The modern building is as common, 
and even more so, here as in the large eastern cities, 



44 GROWTH OF THE CITY 

and the skeleton of steel, the modern edifice in embryo, 
grows before one's eyes on every corner. Many of these 
buildings are put up by the old and tried citizens of Los 
Angeles, men who have watched the town grow and 
fostered it and helped to build it into the city it now is. 
Instances of this are found on every side. 

On October, 1905, the tourists and even townspeople 
were startled b}^ the sight of over a thousand persons, 
all members of one store, congregated on the corner 
of Eighth and Broadway to witness the ceremony of 
breaking the ground for Hamburger's new department 
store. The ceremou}- performed on that date was one 
unique in the history of Los Angeles, one unique in the 
history of America. There was a multitude of people — 
men. women and children. Some were driven in carriages; 
some hurried there in automobiles; others, many others, 
walked, but they were all there to the number of ten 
thousand, and amid great enthusiasm the ground was first 
broken for the greatest and costliest store west of Chicago. 
There were members of the firm, sons and grandsons of 
the founder of the store, and employes who had been with 
the firm since its beginning, and curious and interested 
citizens and tourists who wished for the success of the 
great enterprise. There was shown an evidence of in- 
terest in the mere erection of a building which would 
not be shown by the practical easterners and which is an 
example of the pride and affection that the Angeleno has 
for his town and its progress. The People's Store has 
been a part of Los Angeles for over a quarter of a century 
and has kept pace with the advance of the city. Its 
founder, A. Hamburger, was one of the "forty-niners" 
and was a loyal Californian before he came to Los An- 
geles. Born in Germany, he came while yet a youth to 
America in a small sailing vessel, and landed at Philadel- 
phia. He traveled and worked in the East and South be- 
fore coming West, finally settling in Los Angeles as his 
permanent place of business. Here in 1881 he had a small 
store on Spring and Requena streets, but in four years the 



DEPARTMENT STORES 



45 




increase of his business compelled him to move to larger 
quarters and to double his force of clerks. Another four 
years and the second move was made, with a correspond- 
ing increase in assistants, and now there is an army of 
over one thousand, but their four-story building, still on 
Spring street, is insufiEicient for the 
needs of the business. Hence this will 
necessitate another And a larger move, 
for which the large structure at Eighth 
and Hill streets is now being built. 

The loyalty of the Angeleno for his 
home is proverbial and every one takes 
a pride and a joy in improving and 
beautifying the city of the Angels and 
in the development of her industries. 
The planning and construction of the 
business blocks are not the mere ideas 
of a day, but are the result of years of 
study and hard work. The selection 

of the site for the model department store which the 
descendants of the original Hamburger Store are build- 
ing, was decided upon some years ago and is indica- 
tive of the growth of the town toward the southern and 
higher portion of the city. When the building is com- 
pleted, it will exemplify the foresight of the builders and 
will be a monumental structure to which the city can point 
with pride. Nowhere in the East will there be one that 
can surpass it in all its details for the comfort and con- 
venience of its patrons and the enjoyment of its employes. 
It will be six stories in height and will extend from Broad- 
way to Hill street, its seven floors covering an area of 
over thirteen acres. 

Placed end to end the flooring would reach from Los 
Angeles to Oakland, a distance of four hundred and eighty 
miles. There will be five million bricks used, all of 
which are made in the brickyard especially constructed 
and equipped for this purpose. The show cases placed end 
to end would cover the distance from Santa Monica tf> 



46 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



Pasadena, and there will be hundreds of thousands of 
square feet of plate glass to let in the daylight, and by 
night the illumination will be supplied by four electric 
generators with a capacity large enough to light a city the 
size of Pasadena, supplemented by an electric generating 
plant great enough to light ten city blocks. 

The building will contain its own heating and refrigera- 
tor plants. The twelve electric elevators will have a 

carrying capacity of 
twenty thousand per- 
sons a day, and the 
moving stairways or 
escalators can accom- 
modate four thousand 
every hour. The im- 
m e n s e establishment 
will be a miniature city 
in itself, and in order 
to fill it with merchan- 
dise, the buyers for the 
company will need to 
travel over three hun- 
dred and sixty thou- 
sand miles per annum. 
All the large stores 
and buildings of Europe 
and America have con- 
tributed their share to 
the sfuccess of this new edifice, for by their experience the 
West has profited and through their failures will come suc- 
cess. Its plans for patrons and employes reached the high- 
est ideal that has ever, been conceived and carried out. 
The parlors, reading rooms, writing rooms and retiring 
rooms will make the place a metropolitan club. There 
will be an emergency hospital and a nursery; there will 
be twelve elevators and a number of moving stairways. 
One floor will be the recreation floor and so arranged 
that it can be thrown into a large auditorium, where con- 




DEPARTMENT STORES 



47 



■i!iinPN|^^H 

''''^^^^^^B 



certs, public receptions, recitals and entertainments will 
be given. The roof will be transformed into a garden, 
to be used as a restaurant during the summer months and 
where will be held 
festivals and open- 
air concerts. 

The employes 
are equally well 
provided for. For 
them are reading 
rooms and a li- 
b r a r y ; assembly 
rooms for lectures 
and meetings; a 
dining room; a 
gymnasium and 
baths; a class room 
where new em- 
ployes will be in- 
structed by competent teachers. The rooms will be kept 
open during and after business hours, so that they may be 
enjoyed at all times. 

To the people who think of this as the wild and wooly 
West, it may come as a surprise that Los Angeles can 
and does support such buildings 
as this, and this is not the only 
one. There are few office build- 
ings in town which are not 
modern and which do not con- 
tain every convenience for the 
facilitation of business. The new 
grocery store of Jevne's is a mar- 
vel seldom seen anywhere in the 
world. The Pacific Electric 
Building, where the cars of 
the railway system enter the building for the taking on 
and the discharge of passengers, has its duplicate in but 
two cities on the continent. From its buildings one could 




48 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



scarcely believe that Los Angeles was a straggling city 
of adobes but a quarter of a century ago. 

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 

Among those who regard Los Angeles as a pleasant 
winter and summer resort, there are very few who think 
of it as a manufacturing town. Yet by those who know, 
it is considered that no city west of the Mississippi can 
equal the City of the Angels in its manufacturing indus- 
trv. The discovery of crude petroleum in and about Los 




Drying Fruit 

Angeles gave to the manufacturing interests a great im- 
petus, for oil has proven a success on the railways and its 
low price, as compared with coal, has greatl}^ encouraged 
all branches of manufacturing. 

In 1890 the value of Los Angeles manufacturing pro- 
ducts was only $9,893,835 but in 1900 the value of manu- 
facturing products was $21,297,537, which in 1906 was in- 
creased almost two and one-half times, the value in that 
year reaching to over $50,000,000. 

The Made-in-Los Angeles Exposition, held May, 1907. 
an exhibit of all the products manufactured in Los An- 
geles, was a surprise even to the old inhabitants. It 



MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS 



49 



showed that there were over two thousand manufacturing 
establishments of all kinds in the city, employing 14,000 
workmen. If it were necessary the people in the city 
could live without importing anything but boots and shoes, 
and even felt shoes and slippers are manufactured at 




Dolgeville. From Los Angeles is shipped wine, honey, 
olives, olive oil, sugar made from beets, jams, jellies, choc- 
olates and crystalized fruits in great varieties. All kinds 
of delicious food stuffs are supplied to the coast and even 
to some parts of the East. Green chilis are canned here 
as no where else in the United States and one firm has 
shipped 2,000,000 cans of 
chili peppers in one year, all 
the peppers being grown in 
Southern California and 
the cans made in Los An- 
geles. 

Here are manufactured 
pipe organs and automatic 
piano players. From a Los 

Angeles factory came the largest organ in the world. This 
had 10,059 pipes and was sixty-three feet long and fifty feet 
high. There were 80,000 feet of lumber and 130 miles of 
electric wire used in constructing the interior, and when 
it left Los Angeles it took twelve furniture cars to move it. 




50 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 




Everything that is used in the building of the fine steel 
and reinforced concrete structures that are going up 
every day in the business center of town can be had 

from the Los An- 
geles factories, ex- 
c e p t hinges and 
locks for doors. 
Structural iron, art 
metal, building pa- 
per, rubber sanded 
roofing, elevators, 
furnaces and fire 
escapes are all 
made and installed 
by home industry. 
All kinds of min- 
i n g machinery, 
hoists, gas engines, 
stamp mills, pumps, concentrators and assay outfits are 
sent from here to all parts of the world. One firm has 
sent fifty-five complete sets of laboratory and assay ma- 
chinery to South Africa. Stoves, ranges and heaters, all 
kinds of cooking utensils, all kinds of electric appliances 
and radiators, art 
tiling, straw board, 
roller grating, fine 
silks, furniture, bug- 
gies and automo- 
biles need not be im- 
ported. They can be 
bought from home 
factories. The plant 
of the sole manufac- 
turers of gold, sil- 
ver and brass surgi- 
cal instruments 
made from a formula thought for many years to be 
lost, is located here. California precious stones, kunzite, 




FRUIT GROWERS' EXCHANGE 



51 




tourmalines, aztirites, mined in San Diego county are cut 
and polished in Los Angeles. Baby foods, condensed milk 
and tooth powders have large establishments — in fact, 
though some cities 
may have more ex- 
tensive plants, there 
is no city in the 
countr}- that can 
show as wide a range 
of manufactures. 

CITRUS FRUIT 

The first orange 
trees in California 
were only for orna- 
ment about the 

early missions and village plazas, and for a hundred years 
the fruit grown scarcely met the small local requirements 
of the scattered settlements and prospective cities. In 

1874 the government sent to 
Riverside the first orange 
trees of the seedless variety, 
now so well known as the 
Washington Naval. Twenty- 
five years ago the total ship- 
ments were scarcely twenty 
carloads; this year the ship- 
ments will approximate over 
25,000 carloads (oranges 
only\ This same increase is 
seen in the products of the 
lemon orchards. The devel- 
opment of the markets mak- 
ing it possible to dispose of 
this large increase in pro- 
duction has been due to a 
large extent to the California Fruit Growers' Exchange. 
When citrus fruit growing in California emerged from 




52 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 




the stage of experiment and pastime into that of profit 
seeking, the problem of markets immediately confronted 
the growers. They were thousands of miles from the 

populous centers in which 
their fruit must find consum- 
ers, and they had practically 
no home market or agencies 
to which they could convert 
it into ready money at re- 
munerative figures. Now, 
through the efforts of the 
various fruit growers, the 
problem has been solved by 
the association of the grow- 
ers into a fruit exchange. 

The cooperative marketing 
of citrus fruits as it is done 
by this Exchange is not fully 
understood. In order "to 
provide for the marketing of all the citrus fruit at the 
lowest possible cost under uniform methods, and in a 
manner to secure to each grower a certain marketing of 
his fruit and the full 
average price to be 
obtained in the mar- 
ket for the entire 
season," the Ex- 
change was organ- 
i z e d . During the 
thirteen years of co- 
operation in the 
marketing of citrus 
fruits under the ex- 
change system, the 
output of the state 
has increased from 4,000 cars in 1892-3 to 29,000 in 1906-7. 
Being a growers' organization, the Exchange has always 
taken a prominent part in the efforts that have been made 




SILK FARM 



53 



to correct transportation evils, to obtain increased import 
duties on citrus and other competitive fruits and against 
reciprocity. 

The shipments of citrus fruits, including oranges, lem- 
ons and citrons, from California in 1901 were 8,800,000 
boxes, whereas in the season embracing 1906-7 the ship- 
ments will approximate 12,000,000 boxes. 

SILK FARM 

Silk has been produced in California since 1868 and it 
has been found that the mild climate of Southern Cali- 
fornia is as well adapted for the 
cultivation of mulberry trees and 
the raising of the worms as 
that of China and Japan. Just a 
short distance east of San Gabriel 
at Mission View, a part of the fa- 
mous Baldwin Ranch, is an ex- 
tensive orchard of mulberry trees 
planted to provide leaves for 
feeding the silk worms. The co- 
coonery for the hatching of the 
worms and the developing of the 
silk cocoons is near the entrance 
to Elysian Park at the corner of 
Buena Vista street and Solano 
avenue. The insects can be 
watched in their development 
from the egg to the worm, on 
through the cocoon stage to final 

emergence of the chrysalis. The succeeding operation of 
reeling the silk from the cocoon and making it ready for 
commercial use is equall}- interesting. 



■'^'^^ 


y ; 1 




^\A 




ri^ 




■ ■' '' — II 1^ 



ELECTRIC ROADS 

The story of the rapid but steady growth of Los An- 
geles reads like a fairy tale and it cannot be readily un- 
derstood until one takes into account what part the elec- 



54 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



trie railways have had in the building up of this metropo- 
lis. It is now acknowledged that the modern transporta- 
tion methods by way of electric car lines have trans- 
formed the entire residential conditions. Distances have 




been swept away and it is not only possible, but a daily 
practice, for people to live in the pure air of the country, 
and yet be within easy reach of their business in town. 
Those who formerly lived on a narrow city lot or were 
confined to the apartment houses now enjoy their acre of 

land in the fertile val- 
le}' and yet retain all 
the privileges and ad- 
vantages of a city life. 
Those who must still 
live in town can take 
frequent vacations to 
the mountains or the' 
sea and the electric 
railways have provided 
suburban homes for the 
people of moderate 
means, and pleasure haunts for the citizens of Los Angeles 
and the inland points. 

No city of its size in the world has such an extensive 



^-l^^. 


ii' 




r. 



ELECTRIC ROADS 



55 




and well-equipped suburban system of electric railways. 
And nowhere else is there such a varied program offered 
to the seekers of rest and pleasure. One may leave the 
business center 
of the city and 
within an hour 
find rest be- 
neath a fragrant 
pine tree in a 
secluded cafion 
of the high 
mountains, o r 
turning in the 
opposite direc- 
tion, enjoy the 
pleasure of a dip 
in the warm wa- 
ters of the Pa- 
cific. There are scores of resorts, hamlets, villages, towns, 
on mountain, amid the foothills or along the beach, to 
satisfy the tastes and whims of the most exacting. The 
Pacific Electric and the Los Angeles Interurban systems 

alone have five hun- 
dred miles of track 
within a radius of 
thirty miles, and ex- 
tensions are con- 
stantly building. The 
amount of travel on 
the cars of these 
systems is astound- 
ing. 

Power for operat- 
ing the cars on the 
Pacific Electric and Los Angeles Interurban Railway sys- 
tems is generated at the main power plant of the com- 
pany, at Seventh and Central avenue. The plant con- 
sists of 20,000 horse-power, in water tube boilers, under 




56 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



which California crude oil is used as fuel. This entire 
equipment is under the control of one man. In engines 
and generators the equipment consists of six 2,500 horse- 
power engines directly con- 
nected to the generators. 
The current is generated at a 
pressure of 2,400 volts, and 
stepped by means of trans- 
formers to 15,000 volts, and 
distributed to the various 
sub-stations,, which are lo- 
cated approximately seven 
miles apart over the entire 
system, there being twenty 
of these stations equipped 
and running at the present 
time, each one of which is 
capable of turning out 2,000 
horse-power and applying the 
same to the trolley wires 
covering its particular part of the system. 

Sub-power plants are located, one in Pasadena, consist- 
ing of 2,000 horse-power and one in the western part of 
the city of Los Angeles, having an equipment of 2,500 
horse-power. These power plants constitute the main 
source of supply, addi- 
tional power being pur- 
chased from the lines of 
the Kern River Com- 
pany, whose plant is lo- 
cated at Borel, one hun- 
dred and thirty miles 
from Los Angeles. 

The home of the Pa- 
cific Electric system and 
the station for the despatch of its numerous passenger 
coaches is a magnificent nine-story building at the corner 
of Sixth and Main streets, containing on the ground floor 





PACIFIC ELECTRIC 



57 



spacious waiting rooms, a good restaurant and lunch room, 
drug store, news and curio stands, and train shed. This 
is a modern steel and concrete building, actually fire-proof, 
and containing about eleven acres of floor space. In addi- 
tion to the up-to-date passenger station, five floors are 
fitted up and leased to individuals for offices; the seventh 
floor contains the general ofiices of the Pacific Electric 
Company and allied interests, and the eighth and ninth 
floors are occupied by the Jonathan Club. The rooms of 
this Club, together with the adjacent roof garden, are con- 




sidered equal to the quarters of any social club in the 
country. xA.n average of six hundred cars are received 
and despatched daily from this station. 

The freight traffic and mechanical equipment of this 
system are no less interesting than its passenger business. 
The equipment for the handling of freight trains on the 
suburban lines compares favorably with that of many 
much more extensive steam roads. Freight cars built in 
the local shops of the company, of which two hundred are 
in service, are of forty tons capacity and built to meet 
all master car-builders' standards. Four modern engine 
motors of two hundred horse-power and weighing fifty- 
two tons each, incorporating the best modern ideas for 



58 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 




electric haulage, were designed and constructed in the lo- 
cal shops. They are capable of handling each twenty-five 
cars, or about one thousand seven hundred and sixty-three 
train tons, at a speed of thirty miles an hour, and can haul 

one thousand tons of 
freight on a one-per- 
cent grade at fifteen 
miles per hour. The 
trolley cars used on 
the street lines of the 
city are also built by 
the company at the 
local shops. The me- 
chanical department 
of the company alone 
employs upwards of 
one thousand men. 
Not the least interesting item of the mechanical equip- 
ment of this remarkable electric railway system is the 
switching arrangement already installed at seven stations, 
placed at the intersections of streets where the largest 
number of cars are operated. The lack of a suitable and 
economical method of adjusting switch frogs attracts the 
attention of all those who ride daily upon the street cars 
of all large cities. The usual method, requiring the pres- 
ence of a switchman with his awkward iron rod, or the 
necessity that the motor- 
man or conductor shall 
get down from the car to 
open the switch, seems too 
slow and antiquated to be 
used on any system well 
equipped in every other 
respect. A Los Angeles 
man has solved the prob- 
lem. All signals are given and switches thrown by a 
switchman located in a tower, which is placed at street 
corners, on a hollow casting nine inches in diameter; the 




SWITCH TOWERvS 



59 



base of the tower is nine feet eight inches from the side- 
walk, the operator having a full view of cars approaching 
from all directions. Switches are thrown by hydraulic 




pressure, the water being obtained from the city mains. 
The semaphore blades are electrically operated by solen- 
oids. Two lights are displayed from each semaphore, one 
a red light and the other a green light, green light being 



signal for car to proceed, 
switching the cars rapidly, 
with no danger of col- 
lisions, providing signals 
are properly observed, and 
fifty per cent more cars 
may be switched than by 
old methods. In the near 
future an elevated struc- 
ture of steel similar to 
those used by the elevated 
railways in New York, 
Boston and Chicago will 
be built on Los Angeles 
street, enabling all the sub- 
urban cars ^o arrive and 
depart without interfering 
with the service of the 



This method greatly facilitates 




60 



GROWTH OF THE CITY 



city cars on Main and the adjacent streets. It is intended 
that the use of this structure will make it possible to des- 
patch cars from the station at the rate of one every minute. 




Air. H. E. Huntington, the genius whose brains and 
money have conceived and built up the system of trolley 
roads which enables the resident and the visitor to most 
easily enjoy the natural beauties and advantages of the 
country surrounding our city, is one of the remarkable 
men of the age. Broad-minded and enterprising, he has 
not only made his own business a 
great success, but has contributed by 
his ability as much as anyone to the 
material progress of Los Angeles and 
its environs. 

The Los Angeles Pacific is a purely 
suburban line, using its ten miles of 
track within the city limits only as a 
connecting link between the metrop- 
olis and the new towns which are 
springing up all the way to the sea- 
shore. It was a pioneer road in build- 
^: ing electric car lines to any of the 

^ -^ -^ Southern California beaches, its initial 

line being built in 1895 from Los An- 
geles to Santa JMonica, a distance of eighteen miles. Since 
then it has attained a trackage of over 200 miles and it 
keeps at present 290 passenger cars in daily requisition. In 




ANGEL'S FLIGHT 



61 



addition to its general service, it conducts the popular bal- 
loon route excursions which visit all the seaside resorts 
along its lines, showing the beauty of Pacific Coast towns. 
This road makes a special feature of its express and freight 
service and has arranged a system of thirteen trains, some 
with over ten cars 'each, which, in addition to the regu- 
lar mail cars, carry most of the express and freight 
which comes from the seacoast towns west of Los Angeles. 

Besides having one of the best 
electric railway systems, urban 
and interurban, in the country, 
Los Angeles can boast of the 
most unique, interesting and pict- 
uresque inclined railroad in the 
world. Right in the heart of the 
city, ascending Third street from 
Hill, is a 304-foot incline on which 
are operated two quaint little cars, 
which carry passengers every 
minute of the day up Third street 
hill, 100 feet from the level of 
Hill street. At the top of Angel's 
Flight is a rest pavilion overlook- 
ing the city and above that 100 feet is a tower called "An- 
gel's View," from which can be obtained a sight of the 
city from the sea to the mountains. This little railroad is 
so well patronized that in its six years of existence the 
records show that it has carried more passengers per mile 
than any other railroad now in operation, and this abso- 
lutely without accident — a truly creditable history. 





LOS ANGELES -IN AND ABOUT 



Los Angeles is in many respects much 

*'/) ■»*" IJ^G other cities of its size. It has its 
^ ^^<|^^^k theaters, restaurants and amusement 

^^^^^ parks. There are a number of good 
stock companies, a high-class vaudeville 
theater, and traveling players from the 
East stop in town for a week's engage- 
ment. 

Then there is the Chinese theater and 
the oriental joss houses. Situated near 
the Plaza and not far from old Sonora 
town, the Chinese quarter is in the heart 
of an interesting district. There we see 
the merchants with their fascinating 
wares, beautiful embroideries, gorgeous 
Satsuma, hideous images of the gods and 
the weird charm-like ornaments. 

Facing the Plaza is the Church of Our 
Lady of the Angels, built in the days 
when Sofiora town was the great pueblo 
of California. Here the old families came to worship and 
the padres said mass. The old church contains paintings 
by the mission Indi- 



ans of their idea of 
Via Crucis. Weird 
and grotesque as the 
pictures seem, they 
are, nevertheless, in- 
teresting and valuable. 
On the outskirts of 
town is the Los An- 
geles Ostrich Farm 
and the Indian Crafts 
Exhibition. Alexander 
truth in saying that 



'*fT??: 




Pope once uttered 
the proper study of 



a profound 
mankind is 



INDIAN CRAFTS EXHIBITION 



63 



man," and nowhere can this be pursued with greater 
interest or more advantage than among the aboriginal in- 
habitants of the Western Hemi- 
sphere. A permanent exhibition of 
a most fascinating^ life that is fast 
being changed by the ever advancing 
world of progress has been installed 
in the Indian Crafts Exhibition, near 
Eastlake Park. 

Realizing the great and growing 
interest which is felt in the Indian, 
there are gathered together here in 
Los Angeles representatives of prac- 
tically all the important tribes, espe- 
cially those noted for their handi- 
craft, and placed before the visitors 
to the Indian Crafts Exhibition what 
it would cost months of time and 
great expense for the enthusiast in 
Indian lore to see in any other way. 
There are gathered here typical 
groups of Indians from various 
tribes of both North and South America, who live in their 
primitive habitations, wear their native dress and work 

at their aboriginal 
handicrafts. 

The Indian Crafts 
Exhibition occupies 
fifteen acres of land 
on Mission Road, 
near Eastlake Park, 
and is readily acces- 
sible from Eos An- 
geles and Pasadena. 
Taking advantage of 
the natural growth, 
there has been de- 
veloped a woodland 





64 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



primeval in the heart of the Land of Poco Tiempo, where 
rocks are in the rough from the Great Creator's hand, 
and where the wondrous hues of creation are fresh and 
glowing today as they 
were when the morn- 
ing stars sang together 
for joy. Here one may 
see the Navajos, those 
rare blanket weavers 
and quaint silver work- 
ers; the potter too plies 
her craft and the bas- 
ket weaver is busy. 

Chief Son - i - hat's 
House and Totem- 
Pole, by far the most 
historic in Alaska, were 
purchased and brought 
here at great expense 
and form part of the Exhibition. This Totem-Pole is the 
first and only one ever sold and taken from Alaska to stay. 





The principal Exhibition Building is an exact repro- 
duction of one of the old Maya Palaces of Yucatan, and 
without doubt represents the highest type of architectural 



THE PARKS 



65 



development of pre-Columbian man on this continent. 
It is divided into two large Exhibit Halls, one containing 
only goods of Indian manufacture and the other souvenirs. 
The Indian room contains a large and rare collection of 
aboriginal handicraft — Navajo blankets selected for their 
weave, coloring and dyes; pottery and basketry. In fact, 
the Indian room contains the best and most complete 
collections of genuine Indian curios in America. 

PARKS 

It is a sensible and beautiful custom of the Spanish 
people when establishing a new town or pueblo, that of 
devoting a larger or smaller square of land; usually in 




the center of the settlement, to be used as a plaza or park. 
This was customarily planted with trees and flowering 
plants, furnished with stone or cement seats, where young 
and old gathered in the evening to listen to the music 
of some improvised orchestra and to discuss the gossip 
of the day. There is scarcely a town in all that part of 
the Americas settled originally by Spaniards without its 
plaza or park. And thus it is not strange that the 
original pueblo of Los Angeles was built around the 
Plaza which still retains its Spanish name. 

About it in those early days were clustered the homes 
of the aristocrats, and within its small area the dons and 



66 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 




senoritas gathered of an evening to listen to the sweet 
strains of Spanish guitars and to discuss the small news 
of the day. This old Plaza is now but a small open 

space in the midst 
of the Mexican and 
Chinese quarter. 

The little lesson 
taught by the found- 
ers of the pueblo has 
not been lost upon 
the inhabitants of 
the great city, and 
Los Angeles has 
more area devoted 
to public parks 
and play grounds than any other city near its size on this 
continent. There are sixteen public parks, with a total 
area of 3,750 acres. So 
much of this acreage 
was a part of the orig- 
inal pueblo grant or 
was purchased or do- 
nated in the early days 
that the total amount 
expended for purchase 
money by the city is 
only about $16,000 for 
property worth millions 
of dollars. 

In 1887 the present 
Westlake Park was a 
desolate alkaline mud- 
hole. Today it is one 

of the beauty spots of 

the city, surrounded by 

beautiful homes, one of the most picturesque and note- 
worthy of which is The Bivouac, the residence of General 
Otis. The park contains thirty-five acres, of which the 




ECHO PARK 



67 




lake covers ten acres. English white swans, storks, peli- 
cans and water fowl vie with sail and row boats in giving 
vivacity and life to its placid waters. A short trip on the Sev- 
enth street car line to this beauty spot is well worth while. 

Eastlake Park on 
the old Mission ro&d 
toward the eastern 
limits of the city 
contains fifty-six 
acres, eight of which 
are covered by the 
lake. Thousands of 
visitors assemble 
here on Sundays 
and holidays to hear 
the band concerts 
and to enjoy a row 
upon the lake or a 
rest beneath the trees, of which there are some three hun- 
dred varieties. There is a large conservatory, two hundred 
varieties of cacti and a zoological garden containing speci- 
mens of most of the wild animals indigenous to the country. 

Echo Park, distin- 
guished by the 
scheme of English 
landscape gardening 
developed through- 
out its thirty-three 
acres, is not as pop- 
ular as the two 
parks previously 
mentioned, but is a 
delightfully quiet 
and restful retreat, 
largely frequented by those wdio choose its pleasant paths 
for an opportunity to repeat to willing ears, the sweetest 
story ever told. 

In the foothills to the northwest and furnishing a full 




68 LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 

view of the city and surrounding country, is Elysian 
Park, containing five hundred acres of hills and valleys, 
woodland and garden. There is a propagating house for 
plants and trees for the other city parks. In the year 
1887 alone, 37,000 trees were planted here. The whole 
place is a study in color and the perfume of its rose 
gardens may be encountered a mile away. The old don- 
key trail, Camino del Burro, is now a beautiful boulevard. 



from Fremont Gate past the magnificent collection of 
trees and the botanical gardens. 

Out on Boyle Heights, commanding on clear days a 
sight of Pasadena, the Soldiers' Home, and in the dis- 
tance Santa Monica, San Pedro, Long Beach and the 
sea, is Hollenbeck Park, donated to the city by W. H. 
Workman, a noted pioneer citizen, and Mrs. Hollenbeck. 
for whom it was named. The aviaries here contain an 
interesting collection of strange and beautiful birds. 
There are concerts on Sundays, and a row on the long 
narrow lake is always enjoyable. This park is in the 
midst of a pleasant residence district. 

The largest of the parks and one of the latest donations 
is named Griffith Park after the donor, Hon. Griffith J. 
Griffith, and contains 3,015 acres among the foothills. 



CENTRAL PARK 



69 



When fully developed as a pleasure ground, it will be 
one of the most magnificent in the world. 

Central Park, in the heart of the city, contains four and 
one-half acres of 
forest trees, shrubs 
and flowers. There 
is also a monument 
erected to the mem- 
ory of the 7th Cali- 
fornia Infantry U. S. 
V. and a handsome 
bronze cannon cap- 
tured at Santiago 
and presented to the 
city by General 
Shafter. Just across 
the street is the 

handsome home of the California Club and the Audi- 
torium, one of the finest amusement halls of the country. 

Sunset Park of twelve acres is given up to oil wells and 
litigation. There are South Park, Terrace Park, Syca- 
more and Prospect, St. James and Chester Place, all 
filling their parts in the general scheme of pleasure 
grounds for the million people who, before many years, 
will rest and refresh their minds and bodies therein. 





70 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 





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BEACHES 

Los Angeles is a city of beaches, and their natural 
beauties combined with their accessibility make them the 
favorite resorts both in summer and winter. Most of the 

beaches are towns 
in themselves — well- 
equipped with bank- 
ing houses and com- 
mercial institutions 
and school systems, 
which would be a 
credit to cities of 
more serious preten- 
sions. They are not 
merely pleasure re- 
sorts — they are 
towns of stability 
and resource con- 
taining pleasant houses and commodious hotels striving to 
delight the pleasure-loving tourist and to bring comfort 
and well-being to its 
citizens. 

Santa Monica is the 
oldest of the beaches 
and is reached on the 
Los Angeles Pacific 
through a delightful 
country of fruits and 
flowers. Taking the 
trip by way of Holly- 
wood, the line passes 
through that beautiful 
city of attractive and 
magnificent homes, just 
eight miles from Los 
Angeles. In this val- 
ley of Hollywood, 




HOLLYWOOD 



71 



pines and palms grow in equal profusion side by side with 
the fruits and flowers of the temperate and sub-tropic zones. 
It is known as a place where the largest number of plants 
from widely different climes thrive with as much or more 
vigor than in their natural countries. The meteorological 
records for over thirty years show that Hollywood enjoys 
the privilege of high rainfall and less variation between 
the different seasons of the year than any other locality 
in Southern California, and consequently the plants can 
obtain a continuous growth. One hundred and fifty dif- 




ferent species of the palm, twice as many varieties of 
vines and climbers, bamboos, and thousands of varieties 
of trees and shrubs, indigenous to the hottest and coldest 
regions, combine to make a display of vegetation here that 
has no rival anywhere. Hollywood has many magnificent 
homes and here live many of the leading business men of 
Los Angeles. 

Bej^ond this garden spot is the bus}' little railroad town 
of Sherman, embracing twelve acres, lying near the 
western extremity of the Cahuenga valley — only a few 
years ago a waving barley field. It was originally a por- 
tion of the Rancho la Brea, a thriving farming community, 
but was built up into its present state by the employes of 
the Los Angeles Pacific Railway Company. The carshops 
and the power-house were erected there in 1894. Few 



72 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 




people realize that this attractive modern town was once 
the headquarters of the notorious bandit, Tiburco Vas- 
quez, who was twice in San Quentin for horse stealing. 
After perpetrating one of his many crimes, he hid in the 

mountains near Sherman, 
from where he committed 
many robberies and mur- 
ders around Los Angeles. 
He was finally trapped and 
hung in 1875. 

Five years ago Sawtelle 
was another barley field, 
hut now is a flourishing 
community with a resident 
population of about 1,500. 
Near it is the National 
Soldiers' Home, for which 
the Federal Government has provided 700 acres, which 
at present is in a high state of cultivation. Here 3,000 
war-scarred veterans smoke their pipes in peace and 
dream over the battlefields of long ago. 

From here the line 
goes directly into 
Santa Monica, six- 
teen miles from the 
city of Los Angeles. 
Located on the high 
blufif, one hundred 
feet above the sea 
level, this quaint and 
charming resort 
looks down into 
beautiful wooded 
canyons and over 

the placid sea. In the matter of climate, Santa Monica 
reaches as near perfection as can be desired. The records 
for many years past show that the summers are from 
twelve to eighteen degrees cooler than in the interior. 



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VENICE 73 

and the winters are not less than ten degrees warmer. 
When the heavy snows crown the mountain peaks of the 
coast range, the foothills to the east and north of Santa 
Monica are carpeted in green and the visitors from colder 
climes are enjoying life out of doors under the vines and 
fig trees. x\s a town Santa Monica can point with pride to its 
school system, its churches, its public buildings, and its long 
driveways. It has a system of boulevards perfect for auto- 
mobiling, which communicates with the interesting points 
inland and with the beaches beyond. Travelers always de- 
light in the hedges of calla lilies and the acres of carna- 



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tions which bloom in all seasons. Its hotels are picturesque 
and comfortable, and though it is the oldest it is also 
one of the most modern of the seaside watering places. 

Just beyond Santa Monica and once a part of it, but 
now an incorporated town, lies Ocean Park. It has 
proved one of the best home towns on the seacoast, be- 
cause it was found that houses could be built, streets and 
sidewalks graded and covered with cement on the sand, 
making desirable homes at moderate prices. It has re- 
cently erected a new bath house. 

Just beyond this is the Venice of America — unique 
among cities. It was founded with the object of being 
an educational and amusement city, and has built its own 
breakwater, 90 feet at the base and 500 feet long, using 
60,000 tons of rock. It really seems like a dream city, 
5 



74 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



where culture and beauty harmonize — where the gondolas 
in the canals remind one of the Doges of its ancient 
namesake. Along Windward Avenue are substantial build- 




ings of brick, concrete and iron, and every ten feet there 
is a massive iron column, supporting the beautiful ar- 
cades, like the Rue de Rivoli, Paris. Its hotels are 
large and of fire-proof construction, and the Auditorium, 
which has the finest organ that money can buy, and the 
ship hotel, Cabrillo, are modern in the extreme. Venice 
is a city of contrasts, where ancient memories vie with 
modern improvement. 

Traveling along the beach south from Venice, we 

come to Playa del 
Key- — Playground of 
the King — with its 
beautiful two - mile 
lagoon and the long- 
est single span con- 
crete bridge in the 
world. It has an 
aquatic amphithea- 
ter, capable of seat- 
ing 5,000 people, and 
an immense audi- 
torium of Japanese architecture facing the sea, whose 
double verandas look out upon turfed and landscaped 
grounds and on stretches of sandy beach. It is one of 




REDONDO 



75 



the finest fishing resorts and on the lagoon are held boat 
races in which the crews of the navy often participate. 

Following the ocean, the car line passes through many 
pretty beaches on the way to Redondo. Time was when 
this was a quiet, retired vil- 
lage; always beautiful and 
picturesque, it affords too 
many attractions for the sum- 
mer and winter visitor to be 
anything but the active city 
that it is. It seems to have 
been created especially for 
rest, recreation and enjoy- 
ment of life. For miles and 
miles there is a stretch of 
sandy beach, along which may 
be found countless numbers 
of beautiful seashells and the 
highly prized moonstones, 
which are found here in great- 
er profusion than at any other part of the coast. Nothing 
can surpass or equal the beauty of the violet beds and the 
carnation gardens which are found at this Beach of the 
Round Hills. The carnation grounds cover fourteen acres. 





and from them nearly 10,000 carnations are shipped daily. 
At the time of President McKinley's visit to the Fiesta, 
30,000 white carnations were supplied for the decorations 
of his carriage. 



76 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



It is a pleasant ride south from Los Angeles on the 
Long Beach line. The car goes out past Ascot Park and 
the Seal Gardens, through the thriving town of Watts, on 
past the older town of Compton in the center of the 




great dairy district. Not far from here and still on the 
line of the railroad is the Dominguez ranch, formerly a 
land grant from the King of Spain to Juan Jose Domin- 
guez. The rancho was originally the San Pedro, and 

contained 100,000 acres. 
Not far from the ranch- 
eria is the old battle- 
field where General 
Fremont fought his last 
battle. Just a few miles 
beyond is Willow Sta- 
tion, the junction point 
of the line. 

Immediately south of 
this is Long Beach, the 
Atlantic City of the Pa- 
cific. From a dead vil- 
lage of five years ago, 
it has sprung into prom- 
inence as one of the new 
noted beach resorts of the California coast — a city of more 
than 20,000 people situated within easy reach of Los Ange- 
les, just twenty miles south. Its location is an ideal one for 
delightful homes, as a seaside resort and as a commercial 




LONG BEACH 



17 



center. It is built on a plateau at an elevation commanding 
a wide outlook seaward to the ocean and Catalina Island, 
and landward over the fertile plains to the foothills of the 
Sierra Madres. At the base of the blufif, extending for 
ten miles from San Pedro on the west to Alamitos Bay 
on the east, lies a beach unequalled on the entire Pacific 
Coast, a sand boulevard, hard and smooth as a pavement, 
so broad that at low tide ten teams may be driven abreast 
upon it. From the bold promontory of Point Firmin east- 
ward, the coast line forms a crescent bay, which serves as 




Avalon Bay, Catalina 
the southern frontage to the town of Long Beach. This 
and the shelter from the prevailing winds given by the 
heights of Palos Verdes on the west, explain the salubrity 
of the climate which makes Long Beach popular, both as 
a summer and winter resort. 

The awakening of commercial ambition has had a stimu- 
lating effect upon the growth of the city. The streets are 
broad and straight. The banks and business blocks are 
prosperous and modern and the hotels are noted through- 
out the west. The bath house, the second largest on the 
coast, is pleasing in appearance, ample in accommodations, 
and is the pride of the city and the joy of every visitor. 
The great pier, constructed at a cost of $100,000, is with- 



78 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



out an equal on either coast in size or excellence of con- 
struction. There are two decks extending 1,800 feet over 
the ocean, the upper being exclusively a promenade, and 
the lower always used by automobiles and other vehicles. 

At the outer 
end vessels of 
the deepest 
draft can land. 
Connected with 
the pier by a 
broad promen- 
ade is a three- 
story auditori- 
um with a large 
assembly hall, 
capable of seat- 
ing 6,000 people. 
This is used as 
headquarters for the Chautauquans and the numerous con- 
ventions which assemble at Long Beach each year. 

From Long Beach it is a pleasant ride to San Pedro, the 
southern port of entry. San Pedro has always been a 
shipping center since before the days when Dana's ship 
anchored there to take on hides. A port of wonderful 





possibilities, within its harbor a score of vessels lie and 
its wharves receive the tonnage of fleets laden with lum- 
ber from the northern camps. It is the place where two 



SAN PEDRO 



79 



great railways traversing almost the entire continent from 
east to west and covering many square miles of territory, 
touch tide-water on the Pacific. The government has 





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spent six years and more than $3,000,000 on the stone 
breakwater, which is more than two miles in length and 
encloses a deep harbor where several navies might safely 
ride at anchor. A channel is being dredged into an inland 
tidal basin to form an inner harbor, which when completed 
will embrace an area of eleven miles, to be used for dock- 
age, and will make San Pedro the second harbor on the 
coast. Toward 
Point Firmin is 
Terminal I s - 
land, a narrow 
strip of land 
with the ocean 
on one side and 
the still waters 
of the bay on 
the other. On 
the beach can be 
found beautiful seashells and mosses, which, added to its 
protected situation and safe surf bathing, make this a 
restful and exclusive resort. 




80 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



From San Pedro through the magnificent harbor formed 
by the immense breakwater built by the government at a 
cost of $3,000,000, across twenty-three miles of placid, blue 
Pacific, a comfortable steamer takes the delighted traveler 
to Santa Catalina, beautiful isle of the sea — designed by 
Nature as an ideal pleasure park. Here one may rest from 
all one's troubles, past and future; Avalon. the star above 




Boat Landing at Avalon 



the crescent bay, is languidly but charmingly inviting. 
The seals greet you clumsily but graciously, and the boat- 
men will transport you to fairy scenes hitherto undreamed. 
It is useless to attempt to describe the marine gardens 
which are seen through the glass bottoms of the row- 
boats and launches designed to furnish full views of these 
wonders of Nature's skill in decorations. There is no 
sight on land or sea more exquisitely beautiful. Fishes 
of all colors and hues are in full view swimming in the 
depths amidst a luxuriance of foliage outcoloring and 
outhueing themselves. Human fishes, the men-divers, 
may be seen picking coins from the sands of the ocean 
twenty to fifty feet below the surface. You may spend 
the day about this beautiful bay, and you will want to 



SANTA CATALINA 



81 



prolong your stay; but if you have only the one day, take 
the trip by coach road and trail to Little Harbor on the 
opposite side of the island. Santa Catalina Island is a 




continent in miniature — a land of superlatives. It is the 
only place known where the game Tuna may be caught 
with rod and reel. In addition yellow tail and black sea 
bass help to furnish sport in 
this fishermen's paradise. The 
mountains furnish facilities 
for the hunter who may be 
ambitious to kill a mountain 
goat, and the valleys and 
canyons supply excitement in 
the form of doves and quails 
for the man with the shot- 
gun. The archaeologist and 
the historian find material 
for surmise and study, and 
the romancer will surely ab- 
sorb inspiration upon the 
lofty peaks or along the rocky shores. The weary worker 
and tired traveler will find rest and refreshment in some 
spot of his own choosing in this fairy-land. 




82 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



Erom Willow Station the line leads along the south 
beaches to Balboa. It passes through the great sugar and 
beet country, through fig orchards, vegetable and chicken 
ranches, across the San Gabriel river to Alamitos Bay — 
just five miles east of Long Beach. Here is a rare feature 
of the Pacific Coast — a still-water bay, which is admirable 
for fishing. The next beach, Brighton, has a large pleas- 
ure wharf and a wide stretch of sand, unequalled for bath- 
ing. Sunset Beach, just fifty minutes from town, is ab- 
solutely safe because there is no undertow and is espe- 



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cially delightful because of the exquisite scenic conditions. 
Just beyond Sunset Beach is Bolsa Beach, the station of 
the Bolsa Chico Gun Club. 

Eollowing the line of the shore, the road comes into 
Huntington Beach, one of the prettiest resorts along the 
coast. This is only one of the many places named for the 
well-known railroad founder and friend to Los Angeles. 
Henry E. Huntington. An attractive town, it is destined 
to become not only a noted resort, but a prominent manu- 
facturing center as well. Lying on a gently sloping mesa, 
it rises from an elevation of twenty-six feet to a height 
of one hundred and fifty feet, and terminates in a series 
of small hills on which iiave been built dainty homes in 



HUNTINGTON BEACH 



83 



the midst of terraced gardens. They overlook the fertile 
Santa Ana valley, from which carloads of celery and other 
farm crops are shipped to the outside markets. The celery 
is grown on the wonderful peat lands of Smeltzer, which 
are very productive and yield all varieties of crops in 
abundance. 

The climate and good water supply of Huntington Beach 
make it particularly adaptable to home life the year 
around. The Southern California Methodists have chosen 
it as their summer 
camping grounds 
and have a $10,000 
auditorium beauti- 
fully situated in a 
thirteen-acre park. 

Beyond Hunting- 
ton Beach is New- 
port, one of the old- 
est beaches of the 
southern coast. Be- 
fore the P a c i fi c 
Electric road was 
built, the inhabitants of the interior towns of Orange 
and Riverside Counties had established a permanent cot- 
tage population there. The coast channel sweeps in 
close to the shore, enabling steamers of heavy draft to 
tie up to its very substantial wharf. The beach is one of 
the finest in the country; shelving gradually, it gives shal- 
low water far out into the ocean, which insures delightfully 
warm and invigorating bathing. Newport is the port of 
entry for Santa Ana — the metropolis of Orange County. 
Its principal industry is walnut growing, and the hand- 
some ranches surrounding the town prove extremely 
profitable. 

Three miles from Santa Ana is the pretty town of 
Orange, and beyond that is Anaheim, founded about fifty 
years ago by a colony of Germans. It has always been 
prosperous. The railroad goes up by the orange groves 




A Celery Field 



84 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



of Fullerton to the Quaker colony at Whittier. Not many 
years ago this was simply a vast barley field and is now- 
one of the most prosperous little settlements of the state. 




There is an abundance of water and every year are shipped 
hundreds of carloads of fruits and vegetables, walnuts, 
and berries. Whittier School of Friends is a very success- 
ful college, well endowed and offering full courses in sci- 
ence and letters. The Whittier State School, an industrial 
institution for both sexes, is a model of its kind. It has 
its own printing plant, and its cadet band is one of 
the best in this section. The old hacienda where Pio 
Pico brought his bride in the early days, still stands just 
within the town of Whittier. 




-- w-'i^(^\T<^ 



PASADENA 



85 



INLAND TOWNS 

Nestling in the foothills about Los Angeles are pleasant 
little home towns and points of interest not to be neglected 
by the traveler. 
Electric car lines 
make all of these 
easy of access. It 
takes less than half 
an hour to go from 
the center of the 
Los Angeles busi- 
ness district into 
peaceful Pasadena. 
The road runs past 
the factories and gas 
works, the railroad 
yards and across the 
river, past the 
county hospital, where the "short line" branches off. 
Further on we pass the oil region, Sycamore Grove, thrifty 
Highland Park, the Church of the Angels and Garvanza, 




L-hurch ot the Angels 




situated on the brink of the Arroyo Seco where the road 
crosses on a trestle high above the trees that spring from 
the ancient water course. 



86 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 




On the other side is the Cawston Ostrich Farm. It looks 
like a beautiful grove of live oak trees and creeping vines, 
where the scent of roses mingles with that of the orange 
blossom. Just inside the enclosure can be seen the most 
awkward and ungainly of birds. The 
ostrich, with his little flat head and 
his big starey eyes, perched on the 
top of a long sinuous neck six or 
seven feet above the ground, is not a 
beautiful object as he struts about on 
his long, bony legs with his foolish 
wings on his football body. It is well 
that he enjoys the distinction of being 
the largest and most valuable of the 
feathered tribe, otherwise he would be 
the most ludicrous. Twenty years 
ago Mr. Cawston brought over from South Africa as an 
experiment fifty of the best African birds and started a 
farm in South Pasadena. Since then he has added some 
fine Nubian specimens, and today there are four hundred 
on the farm. These birds are proud and bear distinguished 
names. There are 
General and Mrs. 
Grant, Admiral 
Dewey, Mr. and 
Mrs. McKinley, and 
other noted persons. 
The lady bird 
dresses in a somber 
drab, but the male is 
gorgeous in black 
and white plumage. 
Both of them de- 
light in a varied diet, 
and it is interesting to watch the oranges and tennis balls, 
nails and any bright article of jewelry buniping its way 
down the long throat. At the farm the feathers are 
plucked carefully, sorted and made up at the Cawston 




MT. LOWE 



87 




factory, which turns out probably the most beautiful os- 
trich plumes in the world. 

Pasadena proper is some few miles beyond the Ostrich 
Farm. This well-known mecca of 
wealth and health, the crown of the 
valley, has a perfect climate, in- 
vigorated b}^ the sea breezes and 
protected from fog by the rugged 
Sierra Madres. In early days it 
was the Rancho San Pasqual, given 
by Padre Zalvidea to Seiiora Eu- 
lalia Perez de Guillen. Today it is 
one of the most beautiful residence 
cities in the country — charming 
homes hide in gay gardens or are 
surrounded by terraced lawns, and 
long, shaded drives wind out into 
the level country. 

Leaving the plain, the road begins to ascend the steeper 
gradients and sweep past the poppy fields and out into the 
freshness of the high hills. The track winds among the 
great shoulders of the mountains, skirting the precipitous 
sides of canyons until suddenly it plunges into the cool 
green depths of Rubio. where it stops in front of the 
pavilion 2,000 feet above the sea. Above the pavilion and 

Rubio Canyon is one of 
the most picturesque and 
beautiful spots in the 
mountain. What from 
the valley seemed barren 
is now covered with rich 
verdure — trees and ferns 
and flowers, trailing 
vines and the "witching 
tangle of the maiden 
There are dainty water falls 
and big stone formations, large chasms and a mirror lake. 
From Rubio up the incline to the summit of Echo Moun- 




hair" grow among the rocks. 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



tain is 45,500 feet. The incline is 3,000 feet in length and 
makes a direct ascent of 1,400 feet; that is, it rises sixty- 
two feet in going forward one hundred feet. The cars are 
permanently attached to an endless cable of the finest 
steel, thoroughly tested to a strain of one hundred tons, 
and are so balanced that in ascending and descending they 

pass each other at an 
automatic turnout mid- 
way on the incline. The 
cars are absolutely safe, 
never under any circum- 
stances loaded to excess, 
and are so arranged as 
to keep passengers al- 
ways on the level. The 
view from Echo moun- 
tain is suberb. Here is 
located the observatory 
and the World's Fair 
searchlight of three mil- 
lion candle power. The 
beam of light is so pow- 
erful that a newspaper 
can be read for a dis- 
tance of thirty-five miles 
and the rays can be seen 
one hundred and fifty 
miles on the ocean. It is 
of great value in mete- 
orological work. 
The electric road which winds to Alpine Tavern starts 
up from Echo Mountain and presents a diversity of views. 
The road climbs up the sides of the mountain in graceful 
curves and at one point on the road, by looking up and 
down the steep sides, nine different tracks can be seen 
rising one above the other. One of the features of con- 
struction is a bridge which spans the canyon and 
rounds a mountain peak, thus forming a complete circle. 




MONROVIA 89 

It skirts the vast depths of Millards Canyon and passes 
through Granite Gate. At times it runs through groves 
of gnarled and knotted oaks or by great pines whose 
rugged sides are grown with moss. The terminus of the 
track at Ye Alpine Tavern is 5,000 feet above sea level. 
A trail starts from here three miles in length, winding to 
the summit, 1,100 feet above, from which the view is un- 
surpassed. Many who take this trip once come back to 
explore the glaciers and canyons and to watch the ever- 




changing panorama, "looking southward to the sunlands, 
where the valley of San Gabriel slopes in beauty to the 
main." 

Along the route to Monrovia are many beautiful sections 
of the San Gabriel valley. Splendid homes and fruit and 
agricultural colonies are scattered through this section. It 
is often called the "Orange Grove Route" for the sweet- 
scented, brilliant-fruited trees line the car track on both 
sides. Beyond there are stretches of pasture, with cattle 
grazing peacefully under the scraggly live oaks, and 
country roads guarded by stately eucalyptus and graceful 
pepper trees. At Arcadia a tally-ho waits to carry tour- 
ists through the famous ranch of Lucky Baldwin. This 
vast farm, 54,000 acres, embraces orange groves, the ranch 
house surrounded by artificial lakes and pools in the midst 
of majestic palms, and the drooping boughs of the weeping 



90 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 




willows. At the stables are to be seen the best thorough- 
bred horses in the West, all with records for their fleet- 
ness. The old log cabin, a relic of the lovely days, is 

still standing. 
Monrovia, just 
beyond, has 
wonderful agri- 
cultural possi- 
bilities just 
beginning to be 
realized. It has 
the beauties and 
natural advan- 
tages of the 
foothill country, a good water supply and an equable 
climate, which make it one of the most popular of the 
inland towns. 

The historic San Gabriel Valley contains many small 
towns of beauty and interest, guarded on the north by the 
rugged Mother mountains, with the rolling Puente hills 
on the south and far away the perpetual snow-capped 
peaks of San Jacinto, and the old mission San Gabriel 
founded a century 
and a half ago still ^ 
lingers as a mark of 
the early civiliza- 
tion. It is one of 
the best preserved 
of all the missions 
and contains many 
interesting old fres- 
cos, hand colored 
images and paint- 
ings which were 
brought to this 

country from Spain. The old bells still chime forth 
the Angelus and peal the summons to mass. Originally 
there were six of them; two are now gone, brought from 




GLENDALE 



91 




Indian Pottery 



Spain and traded in hides, beeswax and tallow. The im- 
mense grape vine planted by the mission fathers has 
grown to be one of the largest in the world. 

In strange contrast to this is the modern manufacturing 
town of Dolgeville. Where what was once a large winery 
has been 
turned into a 
factory for 
the manufac- 
ture of felt. 
There is also a 
large steel 
trunk and pipe 
factory, about 
which a model 
village has 
grown up. 

Taking the route which skirts the old San Fernando 
Valley and traverses one of the big agricultural sections 
of Southern California, we pass through Tropico, Glen- 
dale and Casa Verdugo. The early market gardeners and 

berry raisers reap 
rich harvests from 
the prolific crops, 
and many of them 
have paid for their 
lands through the 
sale of the products 
raised. Tropico, the 
home of the straw- 
berry, is in the heart 
of this prosperous 
community where 
every advantage is offered to the home seeker. 

Glendale, in the eastern part of the valley, beautifully 
situated for commercial activities and home comfort, can 
point to a fertile soil of varied capacity, delicious spring 
water, an incomparable climate, splendid oiled roads, 



Mi^pMM^ 



92 



LOS ANGELES— IN AND ABOUT 



modern churches, schools and public buildings, and a bril- 
liant future. There the berry industry has grown from 
two acres planted with berries in 1899 to 650 acres in 




1906, all the vines being made to produce to their greatest 
bearing capacity. 

Casa Verdugo is at the end of the line — a quaint Mexi- 
can restaurant, the sole remnant of the San Rafael Rancho. 

This was a part of 
the grant from the 
Spanish crown in 
1784 to Jose Maria 
Verdugo, who had 
at one time the fin- 
est vineyards in the 
country. The Ver- 
dugos were typical 
Spanish gentlemen; 
they scorned land 
titles and surveys, 
and in selling a piece 
of land would de- 
termine its boundaries b}^ a sweep of the hand; "from there 
to there" they would say, until American progress has 
claimed the vast estates for the commercialism of today. 




ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 



CHE old road traversing California from its first 
mission at San Diego and connecting it with the 
other twenty missions, going through the three 
pueblos and four presidios, was called El Camino 
Real, the King's Highway. At 
the present time, for most of the 
way from San Diego through Lo> 
Angeles to San Francisco, the 
Camino Real survives as a count}" 
road. Picturesque guide posts 
bearing facsimiles of the old 
mission bells mark the way, and 
where once gray-robed friars 
trudged on their errands of love 
and mercy, now brilliant-hued 
motor cars speed their honking 
way. 

Junipero Serra founded the 
first mission in Alta California, 
the first evidence of civilization 
north of Mexico, at San Diego in 
1769. A little bit later he dedi- 
cated San Carlos Borromeo at 
Monterey, the then most north- 
ern point of Spanish exploration. 
Between these two, missions were established at frequent 
intervals and still others were founded beyond Monterey, 
until in only half a century after the founding of the first 
mission there was a cordon of twenty-one, just one day's 
journe}' apart. 

The work of building these was done by the Indians 
under the directions of the fathers. It is hard for us of 
today to realize the close bond that existed between the 
early Franciscans and their "Indian children." The na- 

93 




94 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 



tives of the land were the devoted slaves of the invaders, 
and it was not until civilization had further advanced that 
the Indians suffered and grew to fear their conquerors. 
From the padres the Indians learned industry; they 
learned how to plow and till the fields; how to plant and 

garner crops of grain, which 
they had never seen or heard 
of. They learned how to 
build roads; how to construct 
l)ridges; how to fashion bet- 
ter houses and, best of all, 
they learned the use of stone 
and mortar in making the 
line old mission buildings, 
impressive now even in their 
decay. What they must have 
been in those early days 
when the Franciscans held 
full sway can only be im- 
agined. In 1800 the padres, 
less than fifty in all, had 13,500 Indians under their con- 
trol, and of these rude, ignorant, useless savages they made 
saddlers and tailors, millers and candle makers, black- 
smiths and silver- 
smiths; made them 
masters of craft and 
artisanship. Then 
the missions were 
the center of all life 
for all the people. 
Neither the presi- 
dios nor the pueblos 
were as busy nor as 
prosperous as the 
missions, nor did 
they contribute as 

much to the good of the country in wealth or food or 
entertainment. It was only after the secularization of 





THE MISSIONS 



95 



the missions and the coming of the hated Americanos 
that the towns grew and flourished. 

To the missions all travelers went. At the missions all 
travelers stopped. Everyone was made welcome and 




given the best the church afforded as long as he wished 
to stay, and when he left, a horse was provided for him, 
if his own were tired or disabled. There were special 
rooms set aside for chance guests, and special orchards 
— "travelers' orchards" — gar- 
dens where guests were free 
to go, while those in the in- 
ner sanctuary were accessible 
only to the padres. 

Drawing up before a mis- 
sion a visitor was met by two 
Indian pages, one to take his 
horse and the other to con- 
duct him to his room, and it 
was seldom that the monot- 
ony of the monks' gray 
gowns was not relieved by 
the gay trappings of some 
dashing caballero, resplen- 
dent in bright clothes and 




96 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 



jeweled ornaments, or by a grave senora in her laces and 
silks. These were joyous care-free times, when all were 

friends and no thought was 
taken beyond the day that 
was bright and sunny. Now 
there remain only pictur- 
esque ruins, and it is only 
through the efforts of indi- 
vidual enthusiasts and the 
work of the Landmarks Club 
that these evidences of Span- 
ish civilization will be pre- 
served for future generations. 
It was a great blow to the 
patient padres when the or- 
der of secularization fell 
upon them that took away 
their churches, their lands, 
tlieir homes and their "chil- 
dren" — all that they had la- 
bored for and held dear. 
In 1830, Governor Echeandia, who was opposed to the 
missions, succeeded 
i n providing for 
their gradual trans- 
formation into pueb- 
los and for making 
each Indian a share- 
holder in the lands 
and cattle, but it was 
in 1833, under Gen- 
eral Jose Figueroa, 
who opposed the 
act, that the Mexi- 
can Government 
confirmed the act as 

outlined by Echeandia. When the padres knew that the 
political manipulation would result in their losing the mis- 





SECULARIZATION 



97 



sions, they began at once to convert all their cattle and 
stock, as far as possible, into money. General Vallejo 




tian Diego de Alcala 

himself says that "in the missions of San Gabriel, San 
Fernando, San Juan Capistrano and San Luis Rey, they 
killed by contract with private individuals, during the years 
1830, 1831, and 1832, more 
than sixty thousand head of 
cattle, from which they saved 
only the hides. The pecuni- 
ary wealth of the missions in 
their primitive days, which 
were more productive, was 
sent out of the country to 
Spain, Mexico or Italy. This 
I know; and presume, and 
even believe, that all of it 
arrived safely at its place of 
destination." After the friars 
had gone, the property wasted 
away; the padres returned to 
Mexico and their neophytes 
scattered in towns and villages or worked on the lands 
of those who had despoiled them of the best they ever 




98 ALONG EL CAAIINO REAL 

had. From this time on the buildings have decayed, for 
they were of no use for other purposes and they had no 
value, except as relics of a romantic period of history. 

San Diego de Alcala was founded in 1769 by Junipero 
Serra, who had been planning and working on the estab- 
lishment of a spiritual empire in Alta California. In dedi- 
cating San Diego, his hopes were beginning to be realized. 
It was not easy to travel in those days, either by land or 
sea, and it was only after enduring hardships and priva- 




tions that soldiers and priests arrived at San Diego, and, 
although many were sick and the Indians were not over 
cordial. Father Serra sent Portola and Father Crespi to 
found Monterey on July 14, and then two days later, with 
his small band of sailors and soldiers, he set up the cross 
in a rude hut of branches and reeds and celebrated mass, 
the curious Indians watching attentively the astonishing 
ceremony. The bell hung in a tree; the sound of musketry 
took the place of an organ; the smoke of the camp fire 
in lieu of incense; and above this rude chapel the royal 
standard fluttered in the breeze. It was thus that Alta 
California was taken possession of "for God and the 
King." To all this the Indians offered no resistance, 
until late in August when they showed signs of insurrection 



SAN DIEGO 



99 



when the servant of Father Serra was killed, but they 
were soon calmed by the patient monks. 

It seemed that in the early part of the next year, the 




Ramona's Marriage Place 

mission would have to be abandoned on account of lack 
of funds, but on the day set for forsaking the little wood- 
land church, seemingly in answer to the fervent prayers 
of Father Serra, a boat was 
descried approaching the 
harbor, and as if by miracle, 
four days later the San An- 
tonio from La Paz entered 
the port, and the future of 
the Franciscans in California 
was assured. All this took 
place in what is now Old 
Town, San Diego. The ruins 
of the mission are some five 
or six miles from the city, 
and before them still stand 
the two palms that have 

known all the glories and trials of the work of the 
fathers. Alongside the ruins is a modern building where 
Indian girls are educated. Father Ubach, the padre Gas- 




100 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 



para who married Alessandro and Ramona, was for many 
years the head of the school. His death occurred only a 
short time ago. 

San Diego, the town, stands upon a slope that rises 
from the water to the summit of a broad mesa. In front 




the bold promontory of Point Loma juts into the sea, 
overlapping the low, slender peninsular Coronado, and 
between them lies the harbor. This harbor was originally 
called San Miguel by Cabrillo. Fifty years later Sebastian 
Vizcaino, sailing by, named it in honor of St. James. 
From that time until the founding of the mission under 
Father Serra — three quarters of a century — there is no 
record of any white man entering the Bay of San Diego. 

Like all California 
cities, San Diego 
has changed under 
the American rule of 
industry and prog- 
ress. The gover- 
nor has taken in- 
terest in her devel- 
opment, and has ex- 
pended millions of 
dollars in improving 
^^ J°"^ the harbor, and thus 

making it, with its magnificent light-house, the safest on 
the coast. 

There are all kinds of delightful trips out from San 
Diego, the leading one being through National City and 
Chula Vista, where is the largest lemon grove in the 




SAN LUIS REY 



101 



world. Over the border into old Mexico, Tia Juana — 
just over the line — is not as quaint and interesting as it 
was before it was destroyed by flood, but there is a 





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Mexican custom house and strange little stores where only 
Mexican curios and cigars can be purchased. La Jolla is 
a bit of coast with miles of fantastic bluffs, sculptured by 
the waves and winds into curious shapes and figures. 

About eighty-five 
miles from Los An- 
geles on the Santa 
Fe road is the mis- 
sion of San Luis 
Rey de Francia, one 
of the last of the 
missions, built after 
the death of Presi- 
dent Serra in 1798, 
under the direction 
of Father Lasuen, 
who succeeded Serra 

as President of the Franciscans in California. The mis- 
sion w^as named in honor of Louis IX of France, who was 
a member of the Tercer order of Franciscans. San Luis 
Rey is always associated with the memory of Padre Peyri, 




102 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 



who was so beloved by the Indians, and Padre Zalvidea 
(the Padre Salvierderra of Ramona) spent a great deal of 
his time there. 

The mission itself stands on a slight hill rolling up from 




the river and fertile valley, on which pastured many thou- 
sand head of cattle and sheep in the days of the early 
fathers. No other mission had so 
fme a church nor was there one so 
beautifully decorated. The Indians, 
under Father Peyri — there were 
-^^^ 2,870 of them — delighted in the 
^-r^^ superb gold and silver of the chapel 
and altar. The building even now 
in its semi-ruined condition is ma- 
jestic and imposing. From the 
river and the valley and from the 
hill just back of Oceanside, the bel- 
fry tower, from which in the early 
daj^s came the sound of the eight 
bells calling the Indian to service, 
may still be seen rising above the long arched corridors, 
and as we come closer we can see the perfectly propor- 
tioned dome over the chapel. Beautiful San Luis Rey! 




SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO 



103 



It was only thirty-five years after its dedication that the 
order for secularization was passed and the fathers knew 
their Indian children no more. 






San Juan Capistrano of tragic memory was unfortunate 
even in its founding. In 1775 the site for the new mission 
was selected and the name chosen. Padres Lasuen and 
Amurrio erected the cross and celebrated mass in a hut 
made of the boughs of a tree, but news was received of 
the revolt of the Indians at San Diego and the padres 
after burying the 
bells followed the 
soldiers to help to 
pacify the Indians, 
and it was not until 
1776 that the mis- 
sion, dedicated to 
the warrior priest 
who fought so val- 
orously at Belgrade 
against the Moham- 
medans, was per- 
m a n e n 1 1 y estab- 
lished. Captain 

Rivera, under orders from the viceroy at Mexico, detailed 
ten soldiers to accompany the priests and with the usual 
ceremonies the mission was founded at the place where 




104 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 




the bells had been buried the year before. Serra, now 
President of the Franciscans in California, explained to the 

Indians the purpose 
of the priests in 
coming a m o n g 
them. It is said 
that "while the In- 
dians of the other 
missions were in the 
beginning very anx- 
ious for bodily com- 
forts, those of San 
Juan were solicitous 
only for baptism, 
asking it most ear- 
nestly of the missionaries and finding the time for pre- 
liminary instruction too long." The mission was on high 

ground commanding a 

perfect view of the rolling 
hills and the green val- 
leys reaching to the placid 
ocean. It was the most 
populous of the missions 
and one of the best in 
architectural construction. 
Built of stone and mortar, 
in one corridor the Indi- 
ans solved the always dif- 
ficult problem of the triple 
arch. As in all the mis- 
sions the semi-savage ori- 
gin of work is traceable in 
the rows of arches, stately 
in a barbarous way and al- 
ways showing that the pro- 
portions are not perfect. 

After the edict of secularization the Indians were alotted 
lands for themselves and came under the guidance of the 




ban Gabriel Arcangel 



SAN GABRIEL ARCANGEL 



105 




priests only in spiritual matters. Many of the old and val- 
uable records were destroyed and the rest are scattered 
and lost. The mission was re- 
stored to the fathers by Michel- 
torena, but for a short time 
only, when the lands were sold 
for the small sum of seven hun- 
dred and ten dollars. They 
were held in American posses- 
sion for twenty years; then the 
buildings and their immediate 
surroundings were given by the 
Court to the Church, but the 
beauty and the magnificence of 
the mission days had passed 
away. 

By 1770 the work of the 
Franciscans in California had 
so increased and the number of the Indians under control 
had been so augmented that President Serra asked for 
help from Mexico and in response a number of friars were 
sent. Two of these, Benito Cambon 
and Angel Somero, with ten soldiers 
and muleteers selected the site for 
San Gabriel Mission which they 
named for their patron saint. At first 
there was only an adobe building, 
the ruins of which can still be seen. 
^ .^ ^. ^HH '^^^^ ^^^^ mission building which is in 
% wm MkA vH the town of San Gabriel was not be- 
gun until 1775 and not finished until 
twenty-five years later. In the mean- 
time the padres had baptized 4,000 
Indians. The first Indian baby was 
baptized there in 1771. The mission 
was always prosperous but when Zal- 
videa took charge in 1806 its growth 
was phenomenal. The building is the 




106 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 




oldest of the mission buildings in a reasonable state of 
preservation and, although quaint and interesting, has no 
architectural pretensions whatever. There is a peculiar 
bell tower in which four bells 
now hang and a cosy cott^ige 
where the fathers live. About 
it all is an extensive cactus 
hedge undoubtedly planted as a 
protection from savages and 
beasts. 
"The circling hedge of sharp- 
spined prickly pear 
Was barrier sure to all de- 
signing foe, 
But any friend who wished 
might enter there 
The willing hosts' sweet 
San Buena Ventura charity tO know." 

There are the remains of a stone and cement aqueduct 
vvhich supplied the water for irrigating the gardens and for 
operating the primitive flour mill. 
For twelve years Serra's dearest 
project, often discussed with Portola, 
whose vivid accounts of the rich shore 
of the channel coast inspired the 
worthy father's ambition, was the 
founding of a mission to be dedicated 
to San Buena Ventura and to be built 
mid-way between San Diego and 
Monterey, preferably at the industri- 
ous Lidian village Assumpta, de- 
scribed by Portola. All this time 
serious obstacles, political in nature, 
prevented Serra from carrying out hi^ 
scheme — that of having missions so 
close together that all the post Indi- 
ans could be brought into the church. 
All sorts of reports, seemingly favor- The East Door 




SAN BUENA VENTURA 



107 




able to his plan kept him always ready to start upon the 
journey, but it was not until March, 1783, that he really 
commenced his pilgrimage. He was accompanied as far as 
San Gabriel by Gov- 
ernor de Neve and 
his followers. From 
there on Serra made 
his journey alone 
and at Assumpta on 
the feast of Easter, 
w h i c h came that 
year on the 29th of 
March, they "erected 
a large cross and 
prepared an altar under a shade of evergreens." 

San Buena Ventura, founded less than two years before 
Serra's death, eventually became one of the richest of the 
missions and its strong wall bravely withstood the on- 
slaughts of war, for it was here that the hostile forces of 
Carrillo and Alvarado met in 1838. The interior of the 
mission was decorated as late as 1893 and missing parts of 
the statuary restored. Tt is situated at the modern town 

of Ventura, just 
eighty-three miles 
from Los Angeles. 
When Padre La- 
suen succeeded Juni- 
pero Serra as Presi- 
dent of the Fran- 
ciscan Order, he 
proceeded to carry 
out the latter's plans 
of establishing a 
complete chain of 
missions along the 
coast. At San Fer- 
Los Angeles, in one of the 
he located two of his friars 




Mission Santa Barbara 

nando, just 14 miles from 
dwellings of the ranchero. 



108 



ALONG EL CAMINO REAL 




and dedicated the mission to Fernando, King of Spain. 
The original building was of rude wood, tules and brush, 
but was later displaced by an adobe building which was 

rededicated with im- 
posing ceremonies. 
After the earthquake 
of 1812, thirty new- 
beams were added 
to strengthen the 
walls. A beautiful 
tiled corridor was 
built and the court 
yard made attractive 
by a fountain and 
basin, the ruins of 
which still remain. 
These were the delight of the padres on hot days and in 
the cool evenings where they planned and studied and 
prayed or sat and watched 
the waving palms or the dis- 
tant grain fields. 

San Fernando Mission is 
located in a fertile valley, 
the granary of Los Angeles 
County, and in 1820 had ex- 
tensive vineyards and grain 
fields. The padres had large 
flocks and herds and their 
warehouse was stored with 
merchandise worth $50,000 
and with $90,000 in specie. 
When the conquest of Cali- 
fornia was practically com- 
plete, the United States Land 
Commission confirmed the 
sale of the buildings and land 

for $14,000, and its mission days were ended. Today it is 
in an utterly ruined condition. The roof of the main build- 




San Carlos Borromeo 



SANTA BARBARA 



109 



ing has fallen in and only the rafters hold up the walls. 
It was at San Fernando that the first gold in California 
was discovered. It was mined by Mexi- 
cans, and many thousand dollars worth 
of gold dust was taken from the placers 
and found its way into the hands of local 
merchants. There are still places shown 
in the mountains where the secret mines 
of the padres were located, but they are 
now deserted and only the legend re- 
mains. 

Santa Barbara is one of the most in- 
teresting of the missions at the present 
day because it is the only one which has 
always remained in the hands of the 
Franciscan monks. It was built in 1782, 
and has always been prosperous and in 
good condition. Lj'ing north of Santa 
Barbara are San Luis Obispo. Monterey. 
Santa Cruz, San Jose and Santa Clara, 
preceding "the city of Saint Francis" 
and its incomparable Ba^^ 

The missions at Santa Cruz and San 
Rafael have been destroyed, and the oth- 
ers are fast falling to decay. Soon there will be nothing 
left to remind us of the days when the worthy mission 
fathers held full sway over the lands and homes of the 
Indians. 



The Yucca 




no LOS ANGELES AND 

LOS ANGELES AND THE OWENS RIVER 
AQUEDUCT 

Illustrative of the vvonderlul energy and the determina- 
tion of Los Angeles to make of itself the greatest city in 
the West, is the Owens River project. With nearby water 
resources for only 350,000 people, Los Angeles is going 
225 miles to the northward to bring from the snow-capped 
Sierras an ever-enduring supply for a population of 1,000,- 
000. In the most important election ever held in California 
and by a vote of 21,918 to 2,128, Los Angeles decided 
June 12 of this year to issue $23,000,000 worth of bonds to 
build the aqueduct. No greater public enterprise, with one 
exception, has ever been attempted; no public enterprise 
has ever ofifered the ultimate benefits and prosperity that 
the Owens River project offers to Los Angeles. Once in 
operation, the aqueduct will more than pay for itself, and 
while under construction it will provide work for thou- 
sands of men, an assurance of prosperity from the start 
because ninety per cent of the $23,000,000 will be spent at 
home. 

The aqueduct will be constructed of steel and concrete 
to last as long as the city shall have need for it. It will 
be built over deserts, across canyons and through moun- 
tains to pour its precious burden into a great reservoir 
almost at the city limits. With its system of reservoirs 
it will be able to deliver daily to the city and surrounding- 
territory more than 260,000,000 gallons of water. In 1912- 
13, when Los Angeles will probably have extended its 
domain from the foothills to the sea, the aqueduct should 
be in operation. 

In addition to supplying the city with water for 1,000,- 
000 people, it will make possible the irrigation of 75,000 
acres of land contiguous to the city, rich in fertility but 
now barren because water for irrigation cannot be ob- 
tained. Ultimately it will place Los Angeles in the richest 
agricultural and horticultural district in the world. Even 
were the water unnecessary for domestic consumption. 



THE OWENS RIVER PROJECT 



111 



for irrigation purposes alone it would pay the city to build 
the aqueduct. In a single year the value of the crops of 
these 75,000 acres will represent more than the total cost 
of the undertaking. Where population has now little or 
no existence and no possible subsistence from the ground, 
hamlets and villages will spring up to pay their tribute in 
produce and wealth to Los Angeles. Sage brush and cac- 
tus will give place to orchards and vineyards. 

Xor is this all. The aqueduct can be made to develop 
90,000 horse-power of electrical energy, an amount sur- 
passed only by that generated by Niagara Falls. The 
net annual revenues to the city from this source with the 
sale of power at one-tenth of its present rate will be 
$1,500,000. With an abundance of water and cheap power, 
economic conditions promise to be revolutionized. A 
growing population will demand more and larger manu- 
facturing enterprises. Water and cheap power will make 
these profitable of ownership and operation by private in- 
terests. 

In a word, the Owens River project has opened the wa} 
for Los Angeles to become great as a manufacturing, yet 
smokeless city, greater in population and area, and great- 
est as being the center of the world's richest agricultural 
district, and a city of homes and gardens. 



W • V''r 



mm- 



WM 



IS-'^i^^' 



CONDENSED INFORMATION 



LOS ANGELES 

Location. — Ten miles from Sierra Madre Mountains; fif- 
teen miles from the Pacific Ocean. 

Elevation.— 250 feet. 

Area. — 44 square miles. 

Climate.— 300 sunn}^ days; 16 inches average rainfall from 

November to March. No thun- 
derstorms, tornadoes, cyclones 
or sunstrokes. 




Population.— 1893, 55,000; 
201,000; 1907, 284,500. 



1905, 



Hollenbeck Park 



Fire Protection. — Steam engines. 
19; chemical, 2; hook and lad- 
der, 4; hose wagon and com- 
bination chemicals, 10; tower 
wagon. 1 ; hydrants. 700. 

Steam Railways. — 4 transcon- 
tinental; 6 local steam roads, 
coast steamships. 

Street Cars. — Electric: 5 sys- 
tems; 300 mik)s in city; 700 miles for 30 miles outside. 

Southern California Products. — Citrus fruits, petroleum, 
deciduous fruits, vegetables, beet sugar, grain, gold, 
beans, nuts, wine and brandy, borax. 

Library. — Laughlin Building. Third and Hill. Volumes 
in public library, 125,000. 

Parks.-^Public parks. 16; acreage, 3720. 

Telephone Companies. — 2. 

Theaters.— 10. 

Amusement Parks. — 4. 

112 



BANKS 113 

BANKS 

The American National Bank — 201 South Broadway. 
American Savings Bank — South Broadway, S. W. corncr 

2nd. 
Bank of Highland Park— 5700 Pasadena Ave. 
Bank of Los Angeles — 501 and 503 South Spring. 
Bank of Southern California — 660 South Broadway. 
Broadway Bank & Trust Co.— 308 South Broadway. 
California Savings Bank — 458 South Broadway. 
Central Bank of Los Angeles — 360 South Broadw^ay. 
Central Bank of Los Angeles— 2684 West Pico. 
Citizens National Bank — ]\Iain. S. W. corner Third. 
Commercial National Bank — 423 South S'pring. 
Consolidated Bank of Los Angeles — 124 South Broadway. 
Dollar Savings Bank & Trust Co.— 358 South Broadway. 
Equitable Savings Bank — 100 North Spring. 
Farmers & Merchants National Bank of Los Angeles — 

Main. S. W. corner Fourth. 
Federal Bank of Los Angeles — 2205 Downey Ave. 
First National Bank of Los Angeles — 200-204 S. Spring. 
Fraternal Savings and Commercial Bank — South Main, 

N. W. corner Sixth. 
German-Savings Bank — 223 South Spring. 
Home Savings Bank — 152 North Spring. 
International Savings and Exchange Bank — 226 N. Spring. 
Japanese-American Bank — 111 East Fifth. 
Los Angeles Trust Co. — 142 South Spring. 
Manhattan Savings Bank — 598 South Spring. 
Market & Produce Bank — 333 Central Ave. 
Mercantile Trust and Savings Bank — 540 S. Broadway. 
Merchants National Bank — 152 South Main. 
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Co. — 599 South Spring. 
National Bank of California, The — South Spring. N. 1^. 

corner Second. 
National Bank of Commerce — 598 South Spring. 
Occidental Trust and Savings Bank — N. W. corner First 

and Broadwav. 



114 CONDENSED INEORMATION 

Pacific Savings Bank — 543 South Spring. 

Pico Heights Branch of the Central Bank— 2684 W. Pico. 

Security Savings Bank — H. W. Hellman Bldg., Spring, N. 

E. corner Fourth. 
South Side Bank— 2717 Central Ave. 
Southern California Savings Bank — Spring, S. E. corner 

Fourth. 
State Bank & Trust Co. — N. W. corner Second and Spring. 
United States National Bank— 240 North Main. 



BUILDINGS 

Abstract Building— 203 New High. 

Allen Building — 223 North Spring. 

American National Bank Building — 203 South Broadway. 

Armory — 848 Spring. 

Auditorium — 5th and Olive. 

Baker Building— 342 North Main. 

Bernard Building — 105 South Main. 

Bicknell Building— 225 South Hill. 

Blanchard Hall — 233 South Broadway. 

Bradbury Building — 304 South Broadway. 

Braly Building — Spring and Fourth. 

Breed Building— 308^.4 South Spring. 

Brode Building — 21 7 >^ South Spring. 

Bryson Building — Second and Spring. 

BuUard Building — 156 North Spring. 

Byrne Building — 253 South Broadway. 

Callahan Building — 305 South Spring. 

Chamber of Commerce — 130 South Broadway. 

Chickering Hall — 332 South Broadway. 

Childs Building — 121 Temple. 

Citizens National Bank — Third and Main. 

City Hall — Broadway, between Second and Third. 

Commercial Building — 343 South Broadway. 

Conservative Life Building — Hill and Third. 

Copp Building — 218 South Broadway. 



BUILDINGS 115 

Corfu Building — 130>4 South Broadway. 
Corona Building — Seventh and Broadway. 
Coulter Building — 217 South Broadway. 
County Court House — Temple and New High. 
County Jail — Temple and Buena Vista St. 
Crocker Building — 212 South Broadway. 
Currier Building— 212 West Third. 
Delaware Building — 534^ South Broadway. 
Douglas Building — 257 South Spring. 
Downey Building — 305 North Main. 
Edger Building — 247 South Broadway. 
Eureka Building — 246 South Alain. 
Fay Building — Third and Hill. 
Forrester Building — 233 West First. 
Forester Building — 134 South Alain. 
Freeman Building — Sixth and Spring. 
Frost Building — 145 South Broadway. 
Gates Building — Fifth and Broadway. 
Germain Building — 320 South Spring. 
Gilbert Building — 316 South Broadway. 
Gordon Building — 206>^ South Broadway. 
Grant Building — 355 South Broadway. 
Grosse Building — Sixth and South Spring. 
Hammond Building — 120^ South Spring. 
Hellman Building — Spring and Fourth. 
Hellman Building — 223 West Second. 
Hellman Building, I. W. — Fourth and Main. 
Hellman S. — Third and Main. 
Henne Building— 122 West Third. 
Hollenbeck Building — Second and Spring. 
Hotchkiss Building— 221 West Fourth. 
Huntington Building — Sixth and Alain. 
Johnson, O. T., Building — 438 South Spring. 
Johnson, O. T., Building — 356 South Broadway 
Jones Building — Court and North Broadway. 
Lankershim Building — 126 West Third. 
Lan Franco Building— 218 North Main. 
Laughlin Building — 315 South Broadway. 



116 CONDENSED INFORMATION 

Law Building — 125 Temple. 

Los Angeles Pacific — 316 West Foiirlli. 

Louise Building — 520 South Broadway. 

Mason Opera House — 127 South Broadway. 

Mason Building — S. E. corner Fourth and Broad vva\- 

Masonic Temple — 431 South Hill. 

McCarthy Building — Court and Broadway. 

Merchants Trust Building — 211 South Broadway 

Milner Building — 419^ South Main. 

Mueller Building — 455 South Broadway. 

Mueller Building — 129 South Spring. 

Muskegon Building — 307 South Broadway. 

New Hellman Building— 11 S^^ North Main. 

Orpheum Building — 227 South Spring. 

Potomac Building — 217 South Broadwa3^ 

Ramona Building — 305^-4 South Spring. 

Salisbury Building — 341^ South Spring. 

Scottish Rite Cathedral — S. Hope, bet. Ninth and Tenth. 

Security Savings Bank Building — Second and Main. 

Slauson Building — 423 South Broadway. 

Stimson Building — 256 South Spring. 

Tajo Building — First and Broadway. 

Temple Block — Temple and Main and Spring. 

Temperance Temple — Broadway and Temple. 

Thom Building— Third and Main. 

Thompson Building — 319 West Second. 

Thorpe Building — Franklin and Broadway. 

Times Building — First and Broadway. 

Title Ins. & Trust Building— Court and New High. 

Trust Building— 129 West Second. 

Union Trust Building — S. E. corner Fourth and Spring. 

Weil Building— 114 South Main. 

White Building— 123 >4 East First. 

Widney Building— 127 West First. 

Widney Building — 559 South Broadway. 

Wilcox Building — Second and Spring. 

Wiley Building — 515 South Broadway. 

Willard Building— 328^ South Spring. 



CHURCHES 117 

Wilson Building — 102 South Spring. 
Wilson Building — 429 South Broadway. 
Wilson, L. B., Building— 116 East First. 
Wilson Building— 13914 South Main. 
Workman Building — 230yi South Spring. 
Wright & Callender— 321 South Hill. 
Yuma Building — 138^ North Spring. 
Zobel Building — 351 South Broadwa}-. 

CHURCHES 

Space permits mention of only one of each denomination. 
Advent— 140 X. Avenue 22; E. M. McFadden, pastor. 
Baptist — First. 725 South Flower. 

Swedish — First, 171 W. Eighth; Petrus Ostrom, pastor. 
Catholic — St. Vincent's, Grand and Washington aves.; 

J. S. Glass, rector. 
Christian — Broadway, 221 N. Broadway; B. F. Coulter, 

pastor. 
Christian Scientist — Second Church of Christ, 18th near 

Figueroa; Mrs. Blanche Corby, First Reader. 
Congregational — First, South Hope between Eighth and 

Ninth; \\"m. H. Day, pastor. 
Disciples of Christ — (See Christian Churches). 
Dunkards — (See Miscellaneous Churches). 
Episcopal — Joseph H. Johnson, Bishop of Los Angeles, 

office 525 South Olive. 

Christ Church, Twelfth and Flower; Rev. Baker P. Lee, 

rector. 

St. Paul's Pro-Cathedral, 525 South Olive; J. J. Wilkins, 

rector. 
Evangelical— German Evangelical, 652 San Julian; C. T. 

Scholtz, pastor. 
Holiness — Boyle Heights, 121 North Chicago; Geo. Lu- 

man, pastor. 
Independent — Independent Church of Christ, 734 South 

Hope; J. S. Thomson, pastor. 
Jewish Synagogues — Congregation B'nai B'rith, Ninth and 

Hope; S. Hecht, Rabbi. 



118 CONDENSED ENEOR^FATION 

Lutheran — Eirst English, 800 South Elower; H. J. Weaver, 
pastor. 

Eirst German, 755 South Elower; R. Runkel, pastor. 
Swedish, Cor. 17th and Hope; J. A. Edmond, pastor. 
Methodist — Salem Church of Evangelical Assn. (German 

Alethodist, 718 Olive.) 
Methodist — Presiding Elder, Rev. G. V. Bovard; residence, 
1329 Lynwood Avenue. 

Eirst German, Olive, near Eifth; O. Wilke, pastor. 
Eirst, Hill and Sixth; Robert Mclntyre, pastor. 
Methodist — South, Presiding Elder, Rev. O. A. Thrower; 
house, 1029 Bellevue Avenue. 

Trinity, South, 845 S. Grand; M. B. Chapman, pastor. 
Miscellaneous — Brethren, see Dunkards below. 
Christian Socialists, meet in Ebell Hall. 
Church of the Nazarene, 526 South Eos Angeles; P. E. 

Bresee, pastor. 
Dunkards (Tunkers-German Baptist), 234 South Han- 
cock; P. S. Myres, pastor. 
Eirst Eree Methodist Church, 608 East Sixth; David 

McLeod, pastor. 
Eriends Church, corner Eremont and Second; L. D. 

Barr, pastor. 
Gospel Tabernacle, 327^^ South Spring; H. J. Pierson, 

pastor. 
Latter Day Saints, Reorganized, Eleventh and Wall. 
Latter Day Saints, Reorganized, 516 Temple. 
Ministerial Union, E. H. Brooks, secretary; house, 

732 East Twentieth. 
New Christian Church (Swedenborgian), 515 East 

Ninth; W. W. Welch, pastor. 
United Brethren Church, Pico and Hope; J. L. Parks, 

pastor. 
Volunteers of America, 128 East Eirst; W. P. Smith, 
Lieutenant. 
Missions — Channing Street Mission, German. 1356 Chan- 
ning; S. W. Eunk, pastor. 



CLUBS 119 

Chinese Children's School (Presbyterian). 766 Juan; 

Miss Vela M. Wilcox, superintendent. 
Chinese Mission (Baptist), 608 North Main; Miss Nina 

Morford, superintendent. 
Chinese Mission (Congregational), 109^2 Commercial; 

]\Irs. E. M. Findley, superintendent. 
Chinese ^lission (Methodist Episcopal), 208 North Los 

Angeles; Chan Hon Fou, pastor. 
Chinese Mission (Presbyterian), 214 North San Pedro; 

Rev. Ny Poon Chew, superintendent. 
Pacific Gospel, 323 East Second; S. Mason, supt. 
Peniel Mission, 227 South Main; T. P. and Mrs. M. P. 

Ferguson, superintendents. 
San Fernando Street Mission, 1512 San Fernando; Mrs. 

Bertha Johnson, superintendent. 
Spanish Mission (Presbyterian). 1039 Macy; J. H. 
Limbs, superintendent. 
Presbyterian — Immanuel, Figueroa and Tenth; H. K. 

\\"alker, pastor. 
Salvation Army — Headquarters. 409 South Hill. 
Unitarian— Cluirch of the Unit};. 927 South Flower; J. K. 

Jones, pastor. 
United Presbyterian— First. 754 South Hill; W. W. Logan, 
pastor. 
Second, Santee and Washington; H. W. Crabe, pastor. 

CLUBS 

Automobile Club — Third floor O. T. Johnson Building. 

California— Organized 1888; Fifth and Hill Sts. 

Country Club — Western Ave. and Pico. 

Concordia Club — Corner of Sixteenth and Figueroa Sts. 

Gamut Club— 1044 South Hope. 

Jonathan Club — Sixtli and Alain Sts. 

Los Angeles Athletic Club — 534 South Spring. 

Los Angeles Driving Club — Club-house, Agricultural Park. 

Union League — 220 West Second. 

Winnemucca Country Club — 805 H. W. Hellman Building. 

Voung Men's Christian Association — 621 South Broadwa^^ 



120 



CONDEXSED [NEORAEKTION 



WOMEN'S CLUBS 

California Congress of Mothers, and Child's Study Circles 

— 42 Union Ave. 
Daughters of American Revolution — 1926 South Grand. 
Ebell-^184 Eigueroa. 

Friday Morning Club — 940 South Eigueroa. 
Los Angeles Consumers League — Blanchard Hall. 233 

South Broadway. 
Ruskin Art Club— Blanchard Hall, 233 South Broadway. 
Wednesday Morning Club — Corner Daly and Downey 

Ave., East Los Angeles. 
Wednesday Afternoon Club — Mrs. C. H. Yoakum, Pres. 
Young Women's Christian Association — Third and Hill. 




Pigeon Farm, near Elysian Park 



SEEING THE CITY 

A very comprehensive idea of the city may be obtained 
by a series of street car rides, of which we recommend: 

No. 1.— Take Seventh St. car to Westlake Park and its 
l^eautiful surrounding homes; returning, transfer at Sev- 
enth Street to Grand Ave. car, out Grand Ave. to Adams 
Street; walk up Adams Street past the charming resi- 
dences on this and Eigueroa Streets to Chester Place and 



.TELEGRAPH OFFICES 121 

St. James Park. Chester Place, a most beautiful private 
park, contains the houses of some of the elite of Los An- 
geles. Return by University cars. Time, two hours. 

No. 2. — Take Boyle Heights car. Traction line, to Hol- 
lenbeck Park, Hollenbeck Home and Evergreen Cemetery. 

No. 3. — Take University car anywhere on Spring St. to 
University Station; returning, take the University Traction 
and see one of the beautiful residence sections of the 
city. 

No. 4. — Take a car of Los Angeles Railway and trans- 
fer to East Side Park. 

No. 5.— "Seeing Los Angeles" Observation cars start 
from Fourth and Spring Streets, 10 a. m., and 2 p. m. 
daily. 

No. 6. — Take Garvanza car anywhere on Spring Street 
to Avenue 60; walk two blocks south to Pasadena Ave., 
returning via Pacific Electric to Sixth and Main Sts. 

HACK RATES 
Legal Hack Rates in the City of Los Angeles 

For all service, each hackman, coach or carriage driver 
shall be allowed to charge for the use of the same, within 
the limits, the following rates, to-wit, for the use of 
hacks: 

For the first hour $2.50 

For each subsequent hour 1.50 

From city hotels to railroad depot and from the depot 

to the hotels 1 .00 

Where there is more than one person, then for each one .50 

TELEGRAPH OFFICES 
Occidental and Oriental Wireless — 37-9 Pacific Electric 

Building. 
Pacific Wireless Telegraph — 606 Union Trust Building. 
Postal Telegraph— 238 South Spring St. 
Western Union— First and Spring St., 126 West Ninth St. 



122 CONDENSED INEORMATION 

LOST ARTICLES 

Eor lost articles on Pacific Electric and Interurban Rail- 
way, call at Room 31 Pacific Electric Building, Sixth and 
South Main Sts. Hours, 8 a. m. to 12 m.; 1 p. m. to 5 
p. m., daily, except Sunday. 

Eor lost articles on Los Angeles Railway, call at Central 
and Wilde St. Phone Main 972. Vernon Ave. car line. 

Los Angeles Pacific Route, call up Exchange 355, 316 
West Fourth. Redondo Electric Railway, 217 West 
Second. 

Articles lost on the streets, call at police headquarters, 
326 West Eirst; phone Main 30. 

Articles found in the parks are usually sent to Superin- 
tendent of Parks. City Hall; phone Main 771. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS 

Chamber of Commerce — Broadway, bet. First and Second 

City Hall — IJroadway, bet. Second and Third. 

City Library — Hill, l)et. Second and Third. 

City Jail— 326 West First. 

County Court House — Temple and Broadway. 

County Jail — Temple and Buena Vista. 

Post-OfHce — Seventh and Grand. 



GOVERNMENT OFFICES 

U. S. Army Recruiting Station— 1 1 5 ^^ North Alain. 

U. S. Custom House — 224 Franklin. 

U. S. District Court — Tajo Building. 

U. S. Engineer — 527 Citizens National Bank. 

U. S. Geological Survey — 1111 Trust Building. 

U. S. Health and Marine Hospital— 525 Wilcox. 

U. S. Marshal— Tajo Building. 

Post-Office — Seventh and Grand. 

U. S. Reclamation Service — 321 Merchants Trust, 



HOTELS 123 

LOS ANGELES HOTELS 

DOWNTOWN HOTELS 

Angeliis (Amer. or European) . . . . S. W. cor. 4th and Spring 

Alexandria (European) S. E. cor. Fifth and Spring 

Arcade (European ) Arcade Depot 

Broadway (American or European) . .429 South Broadway 
Fremont (Amer. or European) . . . . S. W. cor. 4th and Olive 
Grand Central (American or European ).. .326 North Main 
Hayward (Amer. or European) . .S. W. cor. 6th and Spring 
Hollenbeck (Amer. or European) . S.W. cor. 2nd and Spring 

King Edward (European) Cor. Fifth and Los Angeles 

Lankershim (Amer. or Euro) . . S. E. cor. Broadway and 7th 
Nadeau (Amer. or European) . . . . S. W. cor. 1st and Spring 
Natick (American or European) ..S. W. cor. First and Main 

Palms (American or European) 615 South Broadway 

Rosslyn (American or European) 433 South Main 

St. Elmo (European) 343 North Main 

Van Nuys (Amer. or Euro.)..N. W. cor. Fourth and Main 
Westminster (Amer. or Euro.).N. F. cor. Fourth and Main 

FAMILY AND TOURIST HOTELS 

American Plan 

Abbotsford Inn S. W. cor. Hope and Eighth Sts. 

Alvarado N. E. cor. Alvarado and Sixth Sts. 

Argyle 429 West Second St. 

Ashley . .444 South Grand Ave. 

Beacon 720 Beacon St. 

Bellevue Terrace N. W. cor. Figueroa and Sixth Sts. 

Bonnie Brae 717 South Alvarado 

Brunswick S. E. cor. Hill and Sixth Sts. 

California 331 West Second St. 

Casa Grande 647 South Grand Ave. 

Clarendon 408 South Hill St. 

Cecil N. E. cor. Olive and First Sts. 

Crocker Mansion 300 South Olive St. 

Devon Inn N. W. cor. Broadway and Tenth St. 



124 CONDENSED INFORMATION 

Ems 325 South Olive St. 

Francis 629 South Olive St. 

Figueroa 1610 South Figueroa St. 

Garvanza Villa Pasadena and Avenue Sixty-three 

Germain N. W. cor. Hope and Fourth Sts. 

Hampden Arms 516 West Fifth St. 

Hill Crest Inn 258 South Olive St. 

Lakeview N. E. cor. Grand View and Sixth St. 

Leighton N. E. cor. Lake and Sixth Sts. 

Lillie 534 South Hill St. 

Lincoln S. W. cor. Hill and Second Sts. 

Locke 139 South Hill St. 

Melrose 1 30 South Grand Ave. 

New Coronado 667 Coronado St. 

Olive Inn 337 South Olive St. 

Occidental 428 South Hill St. 

Orena 701 West Seventh St. 

Pepper S. W. cor. Burlington and Seventh Sts. 

Rookwood N. E. cor. Olive and Eighth Sts. 

Rossmore 416 West Sixth St. 

Trenton 427 South Olive St. 

Washington 711^ South Olive St. 

Wells-Lee 912 West Sixth St. 

Westlake 720 Westlake Ave. 

Westmoore S. W. cor. Francisco and Seventh Sts. 

Willoughbv 506 South Hill St. 



FAMILY AND TOURIST ROOMING HOUSES 

European Plan 

Aldine 326 South Hill 

Antlers 421 West Fourth 

Ashley 444 South Grand 

Angelo 237 North Grand 

Baltimore 427 West Seventh 

Buckley 734 South Hill 

Broxburn 452 South Hill 



HOTELS 125 

Catalina 439 South Broadway 

Chester 454 South Spring 

Clarendon 408 South Hill 

Colorado . .621^ South Broadway 

Corona 227 West Seventh 

Colonade 330 South Hill 

Davis 555 South Grand 

Delaware 534^ South Broadway 

Earl Cliffe 231 South Bunker Hill 

Elgin S. W. cor. Hill and Seventh 

El Moro 109 South Hill 

Glengary 527 West Sixth 

Grand Pacific . .423^ South Spring 

Gray 274 South Main 

Gladstone 505^4 South Main 

Grenada 419 South Grand 

Hinman N. E. cor. Figueroa and Seventh 

Highland Villa 103 North Hill 

Johnson 123 East Fourth 

Judd 344 South Grand 

Knox 314 West Fourth 

Kenilworth 1033 South Hope 

Laurel 721 South Broadway 

Livingston 635 South Hill 

Lovejoy Cor. Grand and Third 

Louise 520 South Broadway 

Marlboro 549 South Grand 

Milton 539^ South Broadway 

Minnewaska Cor. Grand and Second 

Mt. Pleasant Cor. East First and Boyle 

Munn 438 South Olive 

Nahant 727 South Broadway 

Narragansett 423 South Broadway 

Normandie 455 South Broadway 

Poinsettia .512 South Spring 

Portsmouth 516^ South Hill 

Prescott 425 Temple 

Rio Grande 425 West Second 



126 CONDENSED INFORMATION 

Rossmore 416 West Sixth 

Spencer 316^ West Third 

Savoy 405^ South Broadway 

Stanford 350 South Hill 

Santa Barbara 433 South Hope 

Touraine 447 South Hope 

Waldo N. E. cor. Main and Fifth 

Wallace 406 West Seventh 

Watanga 123 North Broadway 

Vogel 312 West Seventh 



TRIPS UNDER $1.00 
BEACHES 
Santa Monica. — Port Los Angeles, Santa Monica Can- 
yon, fishing, plunge and ocean bathing. Reached by Los 
Angeles Pacific Electric and Southern Pacific Railways. 
Forty-five minute ride. Round trip fare. 50c. 




Ocean Park. — Amusement pavilion, plunge and surf 
bathing, fishing. Reached by Los Angeles Pacific Electric 
Railway. Thirty minute ride. Round trip fare. 50c. 

Venice. — Venice Auditorium, Ship Hotel Cabrillo, Vene- 
tian canals, St. Marks Hotel, Tent City, boating, fishing, 
plunge, ocean and still-water bathing, oriental exhibits. 
Reached by the Los Angeles Pacific Electric Railway. 
Thirty minute ride. Round trip fare, 50c. 



SUBURBAN POINTS 127 

San Pedro. — Oldest and largest port in Southern Cali- 
fornia. Harbor constantly contains vessels discharging 
cargoes from all parts of the world. Inner and Outer 
Harbor. $3,000,000 Government breakwater. Point Firmin 
light-house, boating and fishing. Port for Catalina Island 
steamers. Reached by Pacific Electric. Interurban, South- 
ern Pacific, and Salt Lake Railways. Forty-five minute 
ride. Round trip fare, 50c. 

Long Beach. — Population 20,000, beach driving, yachting, 
fishing, plunge and surf bathing. Reached by Pacific 
Electric, Salt Lake, and Southern Pacific Railways. Forty- 
five minute ride. Round trip fare, 50c. 

Redondo. — Carnation fields, sea port, fishing. Hotel 
Redondo, plunge and surf bathing, driving. Reached by 
Santa Fe, Los Angeles and Redondo. and Los Angeles 
Pacific Railways. Forty-five minute ride. Round trip 
fare, 50c. 

Playa Del Rey. — Auditorium, boating, still-water and 
surf bathing, fishing. Reached by the L. A. Pacific Elec- 
tric Railway. Forty-five minute ride. Round trip fare. 
50c. 

Huntington Beach. — Surf bathing, fishing, driving. 
Reached by the Pacific Electric Railway. One hour ride. 
Round trip fare, 75c. 

Naples. — Bathing, fishing, canals, boating. Reached by 
Pacific Electric Railway. Forty-five minute ride. Round 
trip fare, 50c. 

Newport. — Fishing, still water and surf bathing. 
Reached by Pacific Electric Railway. One and one-quarter 
hour ride. Round trip fare, $1.00. 

SUBURBAN POINTS 
Pasadena. — "Crown of the Valley," situated in San 
Gabriel Valley. Beautiful residence city; Raymond, Green, 
Maryland and Wentworth Hotels; Orange Grove Ave. 
Reached by Pacific Electric Railway. Thirty minute ride. 
Round t'*ip fare, 25c. 



128 



CONDENSED INFORMATION 



Baldwin Ranch. — Show ranch of Southern California 
Racing stables, drives. Reached by Pacific Electric Rail 
way. Forty-five minute ride. Round trip fare, 50c. 

Whittier. — Seat of Whittier State School, drives, orange, 
lemon and walnut orchards. Reached by Pacific Electric 
and Southern Pacific Railroads. F'orty-five minute ride. 
Round trip fare, 50c. 

Monrovia. — Driving, orange groves, foothills and moun- 
tains. Reached by the Pacific Electric, Southern Pacific 
and Santa Fe Railroads. Forty- five minute ride. Round 
trip fare, 50c. 




Olive Mill of Old Mission Days 



Altadena. — "The higher garden," fine views, drives, or- 
chards. Reached by Pacific Electric Railway. One hour 
ride. Round trip fare, 40c. 

Alhambra. — Pleasant homes, groves, vineyards, drives, 
orchards. Reached by Pacific Electric and Southern Pa- 
cific Raihvays. Thirty minute ride. Round trip fare, 25c. 

San Gabriel. — Old Spanish settlement, San Gabriel Mis- 
sion, large grapevine, orange groves, wineries. Reached 
by Southern Pacific and Pacific Electric Railways. Thirty 
minute ride. Round trip fare, 30c. 



SUBURBAN POINTS 129 

Santa Ana. — County Seat, Orange County. Center of a 
very fertile agricultural region, orange, walnut and apricot 
• .rchards, court house, public library. Reached by the 
Santa Fe, Southern Pacific and Pacific Electric Railways. 
One and one-quarter hours ride. Round trip fare, $1.00. 

Hollywood. — Beautiful tropical residence suburb, home 
of Paul de Longpre, Hollywood Hotel, driving, orchards, 
Laurel Canyon. Reached by L. A. Pacific Electric Rail- 
way. Thirty minute ride. Round trip fare, 20c. 

Glendale and Tropico. — Ride through hill section of the 
city. Fruits, berries, orange groves, foothills, old Spanish 
restaurant — "Casa Verdugo." Reached by Pacific Electric 
Railway. Twenty-five minute ride. Round trip fare, 25c. 

Sawtelle. — National Soldiers' Home, Home Park, about 
2,500 Civil War veterans, driving. Reached by the South- 
ern Pacific and L. A. Pacific Railways. Thirty minute 
ride. Round trip fare, 50c. 

Sierra Madre. — Beautiful village at foot of Mt. Wilson, 
drives, Santa Anita Canyon, mountain climbs. Reached 
by Pacific Electric Railway. Forty-five minute ride. 
Round trip fare, 50c. 

Rubio Canyon. — Mountain canyon on the way to Mt. 
Lowe. Mountain climbing and picturesque mountain 
scenery. Reached by Pacific Electric Railway. One hour 
ride. Round trip, 75c. 

Mission and Orange Grove Trip. — San Gabriel, San 
Gabriel Mission, large grapevine, Arcadia, Baldwin's 
Ranch, vineyards, racing horses, orange groves, tally-ho 
drives. Sierra Madre, Pasadena, Ostrich Farm. Pacific 
F^lectric cars leave station at 9:40 a. m. Six hours trip. 
Round trip fare, $1.00. 

Surf Route. — Orchards, vegetable gardens, dairy regions, 
sea shore. Huntington Beach, Long Beach, San Pedro, Sun- 
set Beach, steamer trip Long Beach to San Pedro. Pacific 
Electric cars leave station at 10:15 a. m. Six and one-lialf 
hours trip. Round trip fare, $1.00. 



13(1 



C U X 1 ^ 1 i X S E D I N 1^" C J R A 1 A T I O X 



Balloon Route Excursions. — Hollywood, Sherman. Saw- 
telle, Soldiers' Home, Santa Monica, Ocean Park. Playa 
dsl Rey, Redondo, Moonstone Beach, Venice. L. A. 
Pacific cars leave 316 W. Fourth street 9:40 a. m. Seven 
and one-quarter hours trip. Round trip fare. $1.00. 



Mt. 



TRIPS FROM $1.00 TO $3.00 
Lowe. — Garvanza, Arroyo Seco, Pasadena, Alta- 




dena, Rubio Canyon, Incline Railway, Echo Mountain and 
Observatory, Alpine Tavern. Pacific Electric cars leave 
station at 8. 9, and 10 a. m., and 1 and 
3:30 p. m. Round trip fare, $2.50. 

Mt. Wilson.— The trip up Mt. Wilson 
is either made on foot or on burros, 
starting from Sierra Madre. The trail is 
8 miles in length, afforing a grand and 
beautiful mountain and valley scenic trip. 
Places of interest at the summit. The 
Casino, Mt. Wilson Hotel, Martin's 
Camp, Mt. Wilson Observatory and 
Prof. Hale's mountain camp at an el- 
evation of 5,900 feet. Reached by Sierra 
Madre cars of the Pacific Electric Rail- 
way. Six hours ride or walk. Car fare, 
round trip, 50c. Burros, round trip. $2.00; one way, $1.50. 
Riverside. — County Seat of Riverside County, orange 
and lemon groves, fine homes, Rubidoux mountains. Glen- 
wood Hotel, Sherman Institute, Government School for 
Indians, court house. Magnolia avenue. Reached by the 
Salt Lake, Santa Fe and Southern Pacific Railways. Five 
hours ride. Round trip fare, $2.75. 

Redlands. — Orange and lemon orchards. Canyon Crest 
Park, or Smiley Heights, near Mt. San Bernardino and 
Mt. San Gorgonio, near many noted mountain camping- 
places. Reached by Santa Fe and Southern Pacific Rail- 
ways. Four hours ride. Round trip fare, 3.00. 



Incline Railway 
Mt. Lowe 



SUBURBAN POINTS 



131 



Pomona. — Fruit orchards, artistic homes, Pomona Col- 
lege, public library, drives. Reached by Southern Pacific 
and Salt Lake Railways. One hour ride. Round trip fare, 
$1.50. 

San Juan Capistrano Mission. — Located at Capistrano. 
Historic old mission, orange and walnut groves. Reached 
by Santa Fe Railway. Two hours ride. Round trip fare, 
$2.50. 

Kite Shaped Track. — Pasadena, San Bernardino, Red- 
lands. Riverside, Arlington, Orange, and other places, 
making stops at 
chief points of 
interest. Santa Fe 
Route. Ten hours 
trip. Leave L. A. 
Station at 8:30 a. m. 
Round trip fare, 
$3.00. 

Catalina. — Beauti- 
ful island, twenty- 
seven mi-les from 
San Pedro harbor. 
Mountain rail way, 
Moonstone Beach, 
submarine gardens, fishing, 
exhibit of marine life, golf, 
Hotel Metropole. Reached by Pacific Electric Railway, 
also by Southern Pacific and Salt Lake, in connection with 
the Wilmington Transportation Company's steamers. 
Three hours ride. Round trip fare. $2.75. 




Orange Packing 

boating, bathing, glass tank 
staging, glass bottom boats, 



TRIPS FROM $3.00 TO $5.00 
Inside Track. — San Gabriel Valley, San Bernardino, or- 
chards, Alhambra, San Gabriel, Covina, San Dimas. 
Pomona. Ontario. Chino, Colton, Lonia Linda. Southern 
Pacific Railway trains leave L. A. Station. All day trip. 
Round trip fare, including stopovers, $3.00. 



132 CONDENSED TNFOR^[ATION 

Santa Barbara. — Ocean boulevard, canyon drives, surf 
bathing, sulphur springs, yachting, boating, fishing, golf. 
Hotel Potter, Mission Santa Barbara, orchards. Reached 
by the Southern Pacific Railway and the Pacific Coast 
Steamship Company's steamers. Four hours ride. Round 
trip fare, $3.50. 

San Diego. — Beautiful bay and harbor, Tent City, Hotel 
del Coronado, Point Loma, Coronado, Missions, Tia Juana, 
National City, La Jolla, Old Town. Sweetwater Dam, 
yachting, boating, still-water and surf bathing, fishing. 
Reached by Santa Fe Railway and steamers of the Pacific 
Coast Steamship Company. F'^our hours ride. Round 
trip fare. $4.00. 

Fullerton and Oil Wells. — Orange and walnut orchards, 
drives, flowing oil wells, tanks, drills, etc. Reached b> 
Santa Fe Railway, and six mile drive from Fullerton. 
One da}' trip. Round trip fare, $1.40. 

THE THEATERS 

The Auditorium. — Located on Fifth street, between 
Olive and Hill streets. The largest theater in the city. 
Seats for 4,000 persons. 

The Belasco. — Located on South Main street, between 
Third and F^ourth streets. Occupied by the Belasco Stock 
Company. 

The Burbank. — Located on Sixth and Main streets. Oc- 
cupied by the Burliank Theater Stock Company. 

The Mason.— Located on Broadway, between First and 
Second streets. Devoted to large traveling companies. 

The Grand. — -Located on South Main street near First 
street. Devoted to traveling and stock companies. 

The Orpheum. — Located on Spring street, between 
Second and Third streets. The Orpheum is the largest 
vaudeville house in Los Angeles. 

The Chinese Theater.— Located at 212 Marchessault 
street. Devoted to Chinese plays. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT 133 

Blanchard Hall. — Located on South Broadway, between 
Second and Third streets. Devoted to lectures, musical 
recitals, etc. 

Simpson Auditorium. — Situated on Hope street, between 
Seventh and Eighth streets. Devoted to concerts, lectures, 
etc. 

Polytechnic High School Auditorium. — Connected with 
the Polytechnic High School, corner Washington and 
Hope streets. Devoted to school work and school lyceum 
and musical courses. 

PLACES OF AMUSEMENT 
Angel's Flight. — Located at the corner of Third and 

Hill streets. A most unique trip. On the summit a 

pleasure pavilion and an observation tower are to be 

found. 

Bimini Baths. — Natural hot mineral water baths. Open 

all the time. Take Bimini Baths car. 




Indian Art and Crafts Exhibit. — Near Eastlake Park. 
Take Downey avenue, Eastlake, Alhambra or Pasadena 
cars. 

Chutes Park. — Located at the corner of Washington 
and Main streets. Entertainments of a varied nature are 
to be found at this pleasure resort, such as shooting the 
chutes, miniature railroad, etc. Reached by Main street 
cars. Admission to grounds, 10c. 



134 



CONDENSED INFORMATION 






The Cawston Ostrich Farm. — The Ostrich Farm is one 
of the principal points of interest in Southern California. 
The farm is clothed in semi-tropic verdure. Birds of 
young and more mature age are to be found here. An 
interesting sight, to the tourist, is the plucking of the 

ostriches. A salesroom 
is found on the ground, 
where feathers, boas, etc., 
are to be found in great 
variety. Reached by 
South Pasadena and Pas- 
adena cars of the Pa- 
cific Electric Railway. 
Fifteen minutes ride. 
20c. fare. Admission to 
grounds, 25c. Admission 
to salesroom, free. 

Observation Incline Railroad. — From the top of this 

incline railway an unequalled view of Los Angeles can 

be obtained. The inclined road is located opposite the 
County Court House on North Broadway. 



,J^. 



>-a^-JS-:: 



Echo Park 



. LOS ANGELES CITY PARKS 

Westlake Park. — Located on the corner of Alvarado and 
Seventh streets, and is reached by the West Second or 
the Seventh and Eighth street car lines. 

Eastlake Park. — Is situated on East Main street and 
Mission road, and is reached b}' Pacific Electric cars or the 
Eastlake Park, Maple or Downey avenue cars of the Los 
Angeles Railway Co. The Eastlake Park Sulphur Bath 
Plunge is located near the park. 

Elysian Park. — Take Garvanza avenue cars. 

Hollenbeck Park.— It is located at Sixth and Boyle 
avenues, and is reached by the Boyle Heights (First 
street) or Los Angeles Interurban cars. 



POINTS OF INTEREST 



L^5 



South Park. — This park is situated on the South Park 
avenue. It is reached b}' the San Pedro street cars. 

Echo Park. — On Bellevue avenue and Echo Park road; 
is reached by the cars of the Belt Line. 

The Plaza. — Take anv north bound car. 



POINTS OF INTEREST AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS 
IN LOS ANGELES 

Chamber of Commerce Exhibit. — Admission free. 128 
South Broadwa}'. second and third floors. The largest 
and finest display of products in the world. It is a striking- 
evidence of the varied resources of this section. Open 
every day, except Sunday, from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. Printed 
matter descriptive of Southern California distributed free. 
The Coronel collection of Mexican curios at the Chamber 
of Commerce on third floor. 

City Hall. — Broadway, between Second and Third. 

Public Library. — Hill, between Third and Fourth streets. 

Church of Our Lady of the Angels. — No. 536 North 

Alain street. Contains 

paintings by the Mission 
Indians of "The Via 
Crucis." Open to vis- 
itors daily. Garvanza, 
Downey avenue, East- 
lake or HolU'wood cars. 

Hollenbeck Home.— 

No. 573 South Boyle 
avenue. A home for 
aged men and women. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Hollenbeck, founder. Open to visitors 
Tuesdays, 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. Boyle Heights cars, Los An- 
geles Railway, or Interurban line. 

Young Women's Christian Association. — Conservative 
Life Building, corner Third and Hill streets. 




Echo Park 



136 



CONDENSED INEORMATION 



County Court House. — Corner Temple and Broadway. 
Built of red sandstone and granite, costing $900,000. 
View the city from the tower, 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 

Young Men's Christian Association. — 614/2 S. Broad- 
way. 

Chinatown. — North Los Angeles and Marchessault 

streets. A miniature China. The joss house, Chinese 

theater, stores, homes. 

State Normal School. — 

] Fifth and Hope streets. 

Los Angeles High 
School.— H ill street, 
near California. Take 
Angelino Heights car. 

Polytechnic High 
School. — Washington 
and Hope streets. Finest 
and best equipped school 
of the kind west of Chi- 
cago. Take Washington St., University or Grand Ave. cars. 

Public Market. — Third street and Central avenue. Best 
hours to visit before seven o'clock a. m. 




Cumnock School 



RAILROAD DEPOTS 

Los Angeles and Redondo Steam Railway — Grand Ave. 
and Jefferson St. for Gardena. Aloneta and Redondo. 

Los Angeles and Redondo Electric Railway — Cars leave 
Station, 217 West Second St.. for Gardena, Moneta and 
Redondo. 

Los Angeles-Pacific Electric Railroad — Cars leave Station 
on Fourth St., bet. Broadway and Hill Sts., for Holly- 
wood, Santa Monica, The Palms, Ocean Park, Venice. 
Play-a del Rey, Manhattan, Hermosa and Redondo. 



LOCAL POINTS AND FARES 



L37 



Pacific Electric Railway — Cars leave Sixth and Main Sts., 
tor Pasadena. Mt. Lowe, Alhambra, San Gabriel Mis- 
sion. Monrovia. Long Beach. Santa Ana and Compton. 

San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake — First, east of river. 
Trains leave here for Pasadena, Glendale. Verdugo, 
Long Beach. Ter- 
minal Island and 
East San Pedro 
and Riverside. Po- 
mona. O n t a r i o, 
Colton, and San 
Bernardino. City 
office. 601 South 
Spring St. 

Southern Pacific 
(Arcade)— F i f t h 
street and Central 
Ave. Trains also 

stop at River Station, North Downey Ave., Junction of 
Alameda and North Main Sts., Commercial St. on Ala- 
meda, First St. on Alameda and south city Hmits. Cit}- 
offices, Sixtli and Spring Sts. 

Southern California or Santa Fe (La Grande) — First St. 
and Santa Fe Ave. Stop is also made at Downey Ave. 
and city limits. City office. 334 South Spring St. 




Long Beach 



ALL POINTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND 
HOW TO REACH THEM. 

R. T. — Round Trip. 
Place Line h';i.re 

Acton So. Pac $1.75 

Alamitos Bay Pac. Elec R. l". 0.5.5 

Alamitos Beach So. Pac 0.35 

Alhambra Pac. Elec. & So. Pac. 

R. T 0.25 

Allessandro Santa Fe 2.25 

Alpine Tavern Pac. Elec R. T. 2.00 

7 



138 CONDENSED lNEOR^L\T[ON 

Altadena Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

Anaheim Santa Fe & So. Pac 0.80 

Anaheim Landing Pac. Elec R. T. 0.65 

Arcadia So. Pac 0.45 

Arlington Santa Fe 1.75 

Artesia Pac. Elec R. T. 0.55 

Arrowhead Santa Fe 1.95 

Asbury Park Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Azusa Santa Fe 0.70 

Bairds : Pac. Elec . . : R. T. 0.20 

Baldwin's Ranch Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Banning So. Pac 2.65 

Barstow Santa Fe 5.00 

Basset So. Pac 0.50 

Bay City Pac. Elec R. T. 0.60 

Beaumont So. Pac 2.45 

Bells Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Benedict So. Pac 0.95 

Bixby Salt Lake 0.35 

Blackburn Pac. Elec R. T. 0.35 

Bloomington So. Pac L60 

Bolsa Beach Pac. Elec R. T. 0.75 

Bolsa Gun Club Pac. Elec R. T. 0.75 

Brighton Beach Salt Lake R. T. 0.75 

Brookhurst So. Pac 0.75 

Buena Park So. Pac 0.60 

Burbank So. Pac 0.35 

Burnett Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Calexico So. Pac 8.70 

Camulus So. Pac L45 

Carmentia So. Pac 0.60. 

Capistrano Santa Fe L70 

Carlsbad Santa Fe 2.65 

Carpenteria So. Pac 2.80 

Casa Blanca Santa Fe . . L75 

Centinella L. A. & Redondo Ry. . . 0.30 

Chapman So. Pac 0.35 

Casa Verdugo Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Catalina Island — Avalon ....Pac. Elec, via San Pe- 
dro, So. Pac. or Salt 

Lake R. T. 2.75 

Charter Oak So. Pac 0.80 

Chatsworth So. Pac 0.90 

Chino So. Pac L20 

Chula Vista Santa Fe 4.25 

Cienga So. Pac. 0.25 

Claremont Santa Fe 1.10 



LOCAL PO[NTS AND FARES 139 

Clearwater Pac. Elec 0.40 

Coachella So. Pac 4.50 

Colegrove L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.20 

Colton So. Pac, Santa Fe and 

Salt Lake 1.75 

Compton Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

So. Pac 0.35 

Corona Santa Fe 1.65 

Coronado Santa Fe 3.85 

County Farm Salt Lake 0.30 

Covina So. Pac 0.70 

Crafton .- . . . So. Pac . . 2.05 

Crary Santa Fe 1.50 

Ciicamonga So. Pac 1.30 

Cypress Pac. Elec R. T. 0.60 

Declez So. Pac 1.45 

De Luz Santa Fe 3.10 

Del Mar Santa Fe 3.10 

Dolgeville So. Pac 0.20 

Dominguez Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

Downey So. Pac 0.30 

Duarte So. Pac. & Santa Fe . . . . 0.50 

Eastberne So. Pac. & Santa Fe . . . . 2.00 

E. San Gabriel Pac. Elec R. T. 0.30 

Echo Pac. Elec 1.50 

Eli Pac. F:iec R. T. 0.50 

El Cajon San Diego C}^ & E., via 

Santa Fe 4.50 

El Centro So. Pac 8.20 

El Casco So. Pac 2.20 

Elfman ... So. Pac 0.35 

El Modena So. Pac 1 .05 

Elsinore Santa Fe 2.75 

El Foro Santa Fe 1.40 

Encinitas Santa Fe 2.90 

Escondido Santa Fe 3.45 

Ethanac Santa Fe 2.55 

Etiwa So. Pac 1.40 

Etiwanda Santa Fe 1.40 

Fallbrook Santa Fe 3.35 

Fernando So. Pac 0.65 

Fillmore So. Pac 1.70 

Fleming Pac. Elec 0.10 

I' lorence So. Pac 0.20 

Frnitland Pac. Elec R. T. 0.20 

Fnllerton Santa Fe 0.70 

Fulton Wells So. Pac 0.40 



140 CONDENSED INFORMATION 

Gadwell Pac. Elec R. T. 0.55 

Gage Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

Gardena Pac. Elec R. T. 0.35 

Gardiner Junction L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.20 

Garvanza Pac. Elec 0.05 

Garden Grove Pac. Elec 0.55 

German Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Glendale Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Glendora Santa Fe 0.75 

Graham Pac. Elec 0.10 

Greening Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Guirado Pac. Elec R. T. 0.45 

Guyar Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

Hemet Santa Fe 3.00 

Hermosa L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.50 

Hesperia Santa Fe 3.45 

High Grove So. Pac, Santa Fe and 

Salt Lake 1.75 

Highland Santa Fe 2.05 

Hohart Salt Lake 0.10 

Hollywood L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.20 

Huntington Beach Pac. Elec R. T. 0.75 

Huntington Park Pac. Elec 0.10 

Hynes Salt Lake 0.35 

Imperial So. Pac 8.05 

Indio So. Pac 4.40 

Inglew^ood L. A. & Redondo Ry. 

R. T. 0.30 

Irwindale So. Pac 0.65 

Irvine Santa Fe 1 .25 

Ivanhoe Pac. Elec 0.10 

Ivy So. Pac 0.25 

Ivy Park L. A. Pac. Elec 0.20 

King Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Johannesburg Santa Fe 6.00 

Laguna Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

La Jolla San Diego, La JoUa Ry. 4.35 

Lakeside San Diego Guy. & E. Ry. 4.70 

Lamanda Park Pac. Elec R. T. 0.35 

La Mesa San Diego Guy. & E. Ry. 4.30 

La Miranda Santa Fe 0.55 

Lancaster So. Pac 2.40 

Lang So. Pac 1.35 

Lankershim So. Pac 0.50 

Laurel Canyon L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.25 

Lemon So. Pac 0.75 

Lincoln Park Pac. Elec 0.10 



LOCAL POINTS AND FARES 141 

Lemon Grove San Diego Cuy. & E. via 

Santa Fe 4.20 

Linda Vista Santa Fe 2.35 

Loara So. Pac 0.80 

Loma Linda So. Pac 1.85 

Lomita Park Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Long Beach So. Pac 0.35 

Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Lordsburg So. Pac. & Santa Fe . . . . 0.95 

Los Alamitos So. Pac 1.10 

Los Cerritos -. . . . Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Los Nietos So. Pac 0.40 

Lynwood So. Pac 0.30 

Manhattan L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.50 

Manhattan Beach Santa Fe 0.35 

Marlboro ..So. Pac 0.95 

Mecca So. Pac 4.90 

Menifee Santa Fe 2.65 

Mentone Santa Fe & So. Pac 2.05 

Miramar So. Pac 3.00 

Molino Santa Fe 2.05 

Moneta L. A. Redondo Ry . R. T. 0.35 

Monrovia Pac. Elec. & So. Pac. 

R. T. 0.50 

Montalvo So. Pac 2.15 

Monte So. Pac 0.40 

Montecito So. Pac 3.05 

Monte Vista Pac. Elec 0.10 

Moorpark So. Pac 1.65 

Morena San Diego La Jolla Ry., 

via San Diego 4.05 

Morocco Junction L. A. Pac. Elec 0.20 

Mt. Lowe Pac. Elec 2.50 

Murietta Santa Fe 3.20 

McKiiiley Home Pac. Elec R. T. 0.35 

McPherson So. Pac LOO 

Narod So. Pac 1.15 

National City Santa Fe 3.95 

Needles Santa Fe 11.15 

Newhall So. Pac. 0.90 

Newkirk Pac. Elec R. T. 0.45 

Newmark Salt Lake 0.25 

Newport Beach Pac. Elec R. T. 1.00 

Newton Pac. Elec 0.10 

Nordhoff So. Pac 2.90 

North Alhambra So. Pac 0.25 

Northam Santa Fe 0.60 



142 CONDENSED INFORMATION 

North Cucamonga Santa Fe 1.30 

North Pomona Santa Fe 1.00 

Norwalk So. Pac 0.45 

Ocean Park L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.50 

Oceanside Santa Fe 2.55 

Old Town Santa Fe 3.85 

Olive Santa Fe 1.05 

Oneonta Park Pac. Elec 0.10 

Ontario So. Pac. & Salt Lake. . . 1.20 

Orange So. Pac. & Santa Fe . . . . 0.95 

Ostrich Farni Pac. Elec 0.10 

Otay Nat'l City Otay Ry., via 

San Diego 4.15 

Oxnard So. Pac 2.00 

Pachappa Santa Fe 1 .75 

Pacific Beach San Diego La Jolla, via 

San Diego 4.10 

Pacoima So. Pac 0.60 

Palmdale So. Pac 2.10 

Pasadena Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Patata So. Pac 0.25 

Patton Santa Fe 1.95 

Pedley Salt Lake L50 

Perris Santa Fe 2.40 

Pico Salt Lake 0.30 

Piru • So. Pac 1.50 

Playa Del Rey L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 0.50 

Pomona So. Pac. & Salt Lake. . . 1.00 

Port Los Angeles So. Pac R. T. 0.50 

Puente So. Pac 0.60 

Randsburg Santa Fe 0.25 

Ravenna So. Pac , 1.65 

Raymond Santa Fe 0.25 

Raymond Hotel Pac. Elec 0.10 

Redlands So. Pac. & Santa Fe .... 2.05 

Redondo Beach L. A. & Redondo Ry., 

R. T. 0.50 

Rialto Santa Fe L60 

Richfield Santa Fe L15 

Rivera Pac. Elec R. T. 0.40 

Riverside So. Pac, Salt Lake and 

Santa Fe 1.75 

Roscoe So. Pac 0.45 

Rosecrans Los Angeles & Redondo 

Ry R. T. 0.30 

Rowland Salt Lake 0.60 

Rubio Canyon Pac. Elec 0.75 



LOCAL POINTS AND FARES 143 

Salton So. Pac 5.45 

San Bernardino So. Pac, Salt Lake and 

Santa Fe 1.75 

San Diego Santa Fe 3.85 

San Dimas Santa Fe & So. Pac 0.85 

San Francisco So. Pac 14.00 

San Gabriel So. Pac 0.30 

San Gabriel Pac. Elec R. T. 0.30 

San Jacinto Santa Fe 3.10 

San Juan Santa Fe 1.75 

San Marcos Santa Fe 3.20 

San Marino So. Pac 0.30 

San Onofre Santa Fe 2.00 

San Pedro Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Santa Ana Pac. Elec, So. Pac and 

Santa Fe 1.00 

Santa Anita Santc. Fe 0.40 

Santa Barbara So. Pac 3.15 

Santa Monica L. A. Pac. Elec . . R. T. 0.50 

Santa Paula So. Pac 2.00 

Santa Susana So. Pac 1.10 

Saticoy So. Pac 2.15 

Saugus So. Pac 1.00 

Savannah So. Pac 0.40 

Sawtelle L. A. Pac. Elec . . . R. T. 0.45 

Seaside Park Pac Elec R. T. 0.50 

Sespe So. Pac 1.80 

Sherman L. A. Pac. Elec . . . R. T. 0.25 

Signal Hill Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Sierra Madre Pac. Elec R. T. 0.50 

Smeltzer So. Pac 1.70 

Solano Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Soldiers' Home L. A. Pac Ry 0.45 

Somis So. Pac 1.65 

Sorrento Santa Fe 3.25 

South Pasadena Pac. Elec 0.10 

Spadra So. Pac 0.90 

Strathern So. Pac 1 .35 

Strawberry Park Pac. Elec R. T. 0.35 

Studebaker So. Pac 0.40 

Summerland So. Pac 2.95 

Sunnyside Pac. Elec R. T. 0.25 

Sunset Beach Pac. Elec R. T. 0.75 

Sweetwater Dam Nat'l City Otav Ry., via 

San Diego 4.00 

Tehachapi So. Pac 3.70 

Temecula Santa Fe 3.40 



144 



CONDENSED INEORMATTON 



R. T. 
R. T. 



Terminal Island Salt Lake 

Termino Pac. Elec 

Thenard So. Pac 

The Palms L. A. Pac. Elec 

Tropico Pac. Elec R. T. 

Tustin So. Pac 

University So. Pac 

Venice L. A. Pac. Elec. . . . R. T. 

Ventura So. Pac 

Verdemont Santa Ee 

Verdugo Park Salt Lake 

Vernondale So. Pac 

Victorville Santa Ee 

Vineland So. Pac 

Vinevale So. Pac 

Walnut Salt Lake 

Wanda So. Pac 

Watts Pac. Elec R. T. 

West Glendale So. Pac 

West Orange So. Pac 

Willowbrook Pac. Elec R. T. 

Willows Pac. Elec R. T. 

Whittier Pac. Elec R. T. 

So. Pac 

Wilmington Pac. Elec R. T. 

So. Pac. 

Winchester Santa Ee 

Wintersburg So. Pac 

Winthrop So. Pac 

Workman Salt Lake 

Yorba Santa Ee 

Ysidora Santa Ee 



55 
0.35 
0.20 
0.25 
1.05 
0.10 
0.50 
2.30 
2.10 
0.25 
0.10 
3.55 
0.65 
0.35 
0.75 
1.00 
0.30 
0.25 
0.95 
0.40 
0.50 
0.50 
0.40 
0.50 
0.30 
2.75 
1.65 
0.10 
0.30 
1.15 
3.35 




INDEX 



Agricultural Sections, 91. 

Alamitos Bay, 17. 

Alamitos, 82. 

Alessandro, 100. 

Alhambra, 128. 

All Points in Southern C^alifornia. 

139. 
Along El Camino Real, 93. 
Alpine Tavern, 88, 89. 
Alta California, 1, 93, 98. 
Altadena, 128. 
Alvarado, Juan, 15, 107. 
Alvitre, Sebastian, 7. 
Americanos, 17. 
American, the First, 18. 
American Troops, 20. 
Amurrio, Padre, 103. 
Amusement Parks, 4. 
Amusement, Places of, 133. 
Angels, City of the, 2. 
Angel's Flight, 61, 133. 
Aqueduct, 110, 111. 
Area of Los Angeles, 112. 
Arcade Depot, 139. 
Arroyo Seco, 85. 
Arcadia, 89. 
Auditorium, 132. 
Avalon, 80. 
Baja California, 1. 
Baldwin's Ranch, 89, 128. 
Balloon Route, 130. 
Banks, 38-41, 113, 114. 
Bank Deposits, 39. 
Bank, the First, 22. 
Battles, 13. 

Battle of San Buena Ventura, 15. 
Battle of Dominguez Ranch, 19. 
Bay of San Diego, 100. 
Beaches, 70, 126. 
Belasco, 132. 
Berries, 91, 92. 
Bimini, 133. 
Blanchard Hall, 133. 



Board of Education, 28. 

Bolsa Chico, 82. 

Boom, the, 25. 

Bouchard, Pirate, 18. 

Boyle Heights, 68. 

Brighton, 82. 

Buena Vista Bridge, 1. 

Buildings, 43, 114, 5, 6, 7. 

Burbank, 132. 

Cabrillo, Juan Rodrigues, 1. 100. 

Cahuenga Valley, 1. - 

Cahuenga, Battle of, 15. 

California, Baja, 1, 2. 

California, Alta, 1, 2. 

Cambon Benito, 105. 

Camino Real, El, 93. 

Capital City, 13. 

Carillo, Jose, 14, 107. 

Car Rides, 120. 

Carnations, 75. 

Cars, 57, 138, 139. 

Catalina, 77, 80, 81, 131. 

Casa de Rosas, 12. 

Casa V^erdugo, 91, 92. 

Cawston Ostrich Farm, 86, 134. 

Celery, 83. 

Central Park, 69. 

Census, 8, 22. 

Chamber of Commerce Exhibits, ZZ, 

137. 
Chapman, 18. 
Chester Place, 67. 
Chico, Patiano, 14. 
Chinatown, 138. 
Chinese Theater, 132. 
Chula Vista, 100. 
Churches, 117, 118, 119. 
Church of the Angels, 85. 
Church of Our Lady, 18, 62, 137. 
Church, First Protestant. 22. 
Church, First, 12. 
Chutes, 133. 
Citrus Fruit, 51. 



146 



INDEX 



City, the First, 3. 

City Parks, 134. 

City Water Supply. 110, 111. 

City Hall, 137. 

Climate, 8, 112. 

Close of Revolution, 16. 

Clubs, 119, 120. 

Colleges — 

Occidental, 31. 

L'niversity of Southern Califor- 
nia, 31. 
Colonization, 2. 

Alta California. 

Los Angeles, 5, 6. 

From East, 24. 
Comisionado, 7. 
Coronado, 100. 
Coronel, Antonio, 34. 
Coronel Collection, 137. 
County Court House, 138. 
Crespi, Padre, 98. 
Cumnock School, 32. 
Customs of Missions, 95. 
de Croix, General, 4. 
Department Stores, 45, 47. 
Depots, 138. 

Discovery of San Diego, 100. 
Discovery of Gold, 21, 109. 
Dolgeville, 91. 

Dominguez Ranch, Battle of, 19. 
Dominguez Ranch, 76. 
Downtown Hotels, 123. 
Eastlake Park, 67, 134. 
Echeandia, Jose Maria, 13, 96. 
Echo Mountain, 67, 87, 88. 
Echo Park, 135, 137. 
Edict of Secularization, 104. 
Education, School Board, 26, 28, 29. 
El Camino Real, 9, 93. 
Electric Roads, 53. 
Electric Roads, Depots, 138. 
Elevation of Los Angeles, 112. 
Elysian Park, 68, 134. 
Elysian Hills, 1. 
Establishment of City, 2, 5. 
Establishment of First Mission, 98. 
Exhibits, 33. 



Exchange, California Fruit Grow- 
ers, 51. 
Exhibits. Indian, 133. 
Exhibits, Chamber of Commerce, 

137. 
Fages, Pedro, Governor, 9. 
Family Hotels, 123. 
Farms, 24. 
Feliz, Vicente, 7. 
Figueroa, Jose, 14. 
Fire Protection, 112. 
First American Ship, 12. 
First Bank, 22. 
First Caiioad Oranges, 23. 
First Gold, 109. 
First Hospital, 22. 
First Legislature, 21. 
First Lodge, Masonic, 22. 
First Mission, 1, 98. 
First Protestant Church, 22. 
First Settlers, 4. 
First Telegraph, 22. 
First Town, 5. 
Fort Moore, 20. 
Founder of Los Angeles, 8. 
Founding of the City, 3. 
Founding San Diego, 98. 
Franciscan Oi-der, 1, 107. 
Freight Trafific, 57. 
Fremont, General, 19, 20. 37. 
Fruits, 91, 92. 
Fruits, Citrus, 51. 
Fruit Growers' Exchange, 51. 
Fruit Shipments, 23. 
Fullerton, 84. 132. 
Governors — 

Arguello, 13. 

Chico, 14. 

de Neve, 107. 

Echeandia, 13. 

Figueroa, 14. 

Michetorena, 15. 

Pico, 14. 

Solo, 12. 

V^ictoria, 14. 
Galvez, 4. 
General Figueroa, 96. 



INDEX 



147 



Gleiidale, 91, 92. 

Glendale and Tropico, 129. 

Gold Discovered, 21, 109. 

Governors, Mexican, ]S. 

Governor de Neve, 3. 

Girls' Collegiate, 32. 

Government, Beginning of, 7. 

Government Ofifices, 122. 

Grain, First Crops, 7. 

Granite Gate, 89. 

Grand, The, Theater, 132. 

Griffith. Park, 68. 

Growth of the City, 6, 7, 8, 11, 18, 

24. 
Hack Rates, 121. 
Harvard School, 32. 
Hayward, Alvinzo, 22. 
Hemp, Growing of, 12. 
High School, 138. 
H. H., 35. 

Hollenbeck Home, 137. 
Hollenbeck Park, 134. 
Hollywood, 71, 129. 
Hospital, First, 22. 
Hotels, 123-126. 
How to Reach Towns in Southern 

California, 115. 
Huntington, H. E., 60. 
Huntington Beach, 3, 83, 127. 
Improvements, 21. 
Incline Railway (Mt. Lowe), 88. 
Increase Population, 5, 6, 7, 24. 
Indians, 2, 8, 31, 32, 35, 36, 63, 93, 

94, 105, 133. 
Industrial Progress, 18, 21. 
Industries — 

Buildings, 43-47. 

Manufactures, 48. 

First Growth of, 7, 10. 
Inland Towns, 85. 
Inside Track, 131. 
Iturbide, Emperor, Mexico, 16. 
Junipero Serra, 1, 2, 98. 
Juvenile Court, 27. 
Jackson, Helen Hunt, 35. 
Kearney, Gen. Stephen, 19. 
Kite-Shaped Track, 131. 



La Grande Depot (Santa Fe), 139. 

Landmarks Club, 96. 

La Jolla, 101. 

La Paz, 99. 

Lands, 24. 

Land Values, 24, 25. 

Lasuen, Padre, 101, 103, 107. 

Legislature, First, 21. 

Lemons, 51. 

Lemon Grove, 101. 

Library, Public, 112. 

Location of Los Angeles, 112. 

Long Beach, 76, 77, 127. 

Los Angeles Establishment, 2. 

Los Angeles River, 1. 

Los Angeles, Name, 2. 

Los Angeles Founded, 3. 

Los Angeles as Capital, 13. 

Los Angeles, Capture of, 19. 

Los Angeles Country Original, 21. 

Los Angeles Pacific, 60. 

Los Angeles — In and About, 62. 

Los Angeles Pacific Electric, 138. 

Los Angeles & Redondo Electric, 

138. 
Los Angeles & Redondo Steam. 
Los Angeles High, 138. 
I<os Angeles, Climate of, 112. 
Los Angeles, Area of, 112. 
Los Angeles, Location of, 112. 
Los Angeles, Elevation of, 112. 
Lost Articles, 122. 
Lower California, 1. 
Lucky Baldwin, 89. 
Mason Theater, 132. 
Masonic Order, First Lodge, 22. 
Manufacturing, 48. 
Mercantile Institutions, 43. 
Mexico, 16. 

Mexican Government, 96. 
Mexican Rule, 13. 
Mexican Governors, 75. 
Mexican War, 19. 
Micheltorena, Governor, 15, 105. 
Millard's Canyon, 89. 
Mission Fathers, 97. 



148 



INDEX 



Mission, First, 98. 

Mission San Luis Rey, 101, 102. 

Mission Customs, 95. 

Mission and Orange Grove Trip. 

129. 
Mission San Gabriel, 105. 
Missions, 2, 93, 95. 
Monterey, 2, 8, 13, 14, 17. 19, 93, 

98, 109. 
Monrovia, 89, 90, 128. 
Mt. Wilson, 130. 
Mt. Lowe, 9, 87, 88, 130. 
Museum, Southwest, Z7 . 
Name, Los Angeles, 2. 
Names, Settlers, 7. 
Naples, 127. 

Neve, de, Colonel Felipe. 3-5. 107. 
Newport, m, 127. 
Normal School, 28. 138. 
Nuestra Senora la Reina de l.us 

Angeles, 2. 
Observation Incline Railway. 134. 
Ocean Park, 7Z, 126. 
Oil Wells, 132. 
Old Town, San Diego, 99. 
Oranges, Yield, 22. 
Oranges, First Carload East, 2i. 
Oranges, Present Crop, 51. 
Oranges, 83. 
Orpheum, 132. 
Ostrich Farm. 86, 134. 
Owens River. 110, 111. 
Pacific Electric, 36, 54. 60. 
Pacific Electric Deiiot, 139. 
Palmer Collection. 35. 
Parks, 65, 112. 
Parks, City, 134. 
Pasadena, 85, 87, 127. 
Passenger Traffic, 57. 
Period of Strife, 11. 
Peyri, Padre, 101. 
Pio Pico, 14, 15, 17, 84. 
Places, Amusement, 133. 



Playa del Rey, 74, 127. 

Plaza, 1, 5, 65, 66, 137. 

Plaza Church, 12, 13, 18, 62. 

Point Firmin, 79. 

Point Loma, 100. 

Polytechnic High School, 26, 133, 

138. 
Pomona, 32, 131. 
Poppies, 87. 

Population of Los Angeles, 112. 
Population, 6, 8, 17, 22, 23, 50, 60, 

70, 80. 
Porciuncula River, 2. 
Portola, 1, 2, 98, 106. 
Power Plants, Pacific Electric, 55. 
Presidio, 2, 3. 
Products, First, 7. 
Products of Southern California, 112. 
Property, 23. 
Public Buildings, 122. 
Public Library, 112. 137. 
I'ublic Market, 138. 
Public Schools, 26. 
Pueblo, 2, 3, 7. 
Railroads, First, 23. 
Railway Depots, 138. 
Ramona's Marriage Place, 99. 
Ranch, Baldwin, 89. 
Rancho San Pasqual, 87. 
Rancho San Rafael, 92. 
Real Estate, 24, 25. 
Redlands, 130. 
Redondo, 75, 127. 
Relics, 34. 

Revolution, Close of, 13, 14. 16. 
Riverside, 130. 
Rivera, Captain, 4, 5, 103. 
Rubio Canyon, 87, 129. 
Romance, 9. 

Rooming Houses, 124-126. 
Salvierderra, Padre, 102. 
San Antonio de Padua, 2. 
San Bias, 3. 



INDEX 



149 



San Buena X'entura, 2. 15, 107. 

San Carlos Borromeo, 2, 93, 118. 

San Diego, 13, 100, 132. 

San Diego Bay, 1. 

San Diego de Alcala, 2, 98. 

San Francisco, 22, 93, 109. 

San Gabriel, 2, 7, 18, 34, 89, 93, 97, 

101, 104-106, 128. 
San Gabriel Mission, 90. 
San Gabriel X^alley, 90. 
San Tacinto, 90. 

San Tuan Capistrano, 97, 103, 104. 
San Tose, 2, 3, 7. 
San Luis Obispo, 109. 
San Pasqual, 87. 
San Pedro, 12, 23, 78, 127. 
San Pedro, Los Angeles ^' Salt 

Lake Depots, 139. 
San Rafael Rancho, 92. 
Santa Ana, 83, 129. 
Santa Barbara, 13, 107, 132. 
Santa Fe, 24. 
Santa Fe Depot, 139. 
Santa :Monica, 70, 12, 71, 126. 
Sawtelle, 12, 129. 
Seal Gardens, 76. 
Secularization, 94, 97. 
Seeing the City, 120. 
Serra, Junipero, 1, 2, 34. 
Settlement, 5. 
Settlement, Terms of, 6. 
Settlers, First, 4.^ 
Settlers, Names, 7. 
Settlers, New, 8. 
Schools — 

High, 138. 

Indian, 31. 

Industrial, 31. ' 

Xormal, 28, 29. 

Parental, 27. 

Polytechnic, 138. 

Private, 31. 
^ Public, 26. 
Sherman, 71. 
Ship, Arrivals, 16. 
Ship, First American, 12. 
vShip Hotel, 74. 
Silk Farm, 53. 
Sierra Madre, 129. 
Simpson Auditorium, 133. 
Sinaloa, 3, 5. 
Sisal Hemp, 12. 
Sloat, Commodore, 19. 
Smeltzer, 83. 
Soldiers' Home, 12. 
Somero, xAngel, 105. 
South Park, 135, 137. 



Southern California Products. 112. 

Southern California. 24. 

Southern Pacific, 23. 

Southern California — How to Reach, 

139. 
Southern Pacific (Arcade) Depot, 

139. 
Southwest Museum, 37. 
Southwest Miners' Association, 35. 
Southwest Society, 36. 
State Xormal, 28, 138. 
State School at Whittier, 84. 
Steam Car Depots (S. P., L. A., 

S. L., L. P., S. F.), 139. 
Steam Railways, 112. 
St. James, 69. 

Stockton, Commodore, 19, 20. 
Strawberry, 91. 
Street Cars, 112. 
Suburban Points, 127. 
Surf Route, 129. 
Sunset Beach, 82. 
Sunset Park, 69. 
Switch Towers, 58, 59. 
Telephone Companies, 112. 
Telegraph Offices, 121. 
Telegraph, First, 22. 
Temblores Mission, 34. 
Terminal Island, 79. 
Theaters, 112, 132. 
The Boom, 2, 45. 
Tia Tuana, 101. 
Trade, 12. 
Transportation, 53. 
Travelers' Orchards, 95. 
Trips under $1, 126. 
Trips from $1 to $3, 130. 
Trips from $3 to $5, 131. 
Trips from San Diego, 100. 
Tropico, 91. 129. 
Ubach, Father, 99. 
Vallejo, Genera], 97. 
Valley San Gabriel, 90. 
Venice, 17,, 74, 126. 
Victoria, Manuel, 14. 
Vigilantes, 22. 
Vizcanio, Sebastian, 100. 
Water Supply, 110, 111. 
Westlake Park, 66, 134. 
Whittier, 84, 128. 
Wheat, 8, 8. 
Wine, Export, 23. 
Women s' Clubs, 120. 
Y. W. C. A., 137. 
Y. M. C. A., 138. 
Zalvidea, 18, 34, 87, 105. 
Yang-na, 2. 



150 



CITY MAP 










J 



osaw/ifl-^"' 



iSs 




flM't§s^m 




QQO 




KEY TO MAP 



151 



KEY 



Alexandria Hotel 7-E 

Fifth and Spring. 
American Transfer Co 7-E 

536 S. Spring. 
Angel's Flight 5-D 

Third and Hill. 
Burbank Theater 7-E 

548 S. Main. 
Catholic Cathedral 5-F 

Main, near Second. 
Central Park 7-D 

Sixth and Hill. 
Chamber of Commerce 4-E 

Bdwy., bet. First and Second. 
Christ Church 11-A 

Twelfth and Flower. 
Christian Church 3-E 

221 X. Broadway. 
Chutes 15-D 

Main and Washington. 
City Hall 5-E 

S. Bdwy., bet. 2nd and 3rd. 
Congregational Church 9-B 

S. Hope, bet. 8th and 9th. 
Court House 2-E 

Broadway and Temple. 
Ebell Club 14-A 

Eighteenth and Figueroa. 
Emergency Hospital 4-E 

326 W. First. 
Examiner 6-D 

Broadway, near Fifth. 
Express 6-E 

Fifth, bet. Spring and Bdwv. 
Fiesta Park 11-B 

Twelfth and Grand. 
First German Methodist Church . 6-C 

Olive, near Fifth. 
Friday ^lorning Club 10-A 

940 S. Figueroa. 
Grand Opera House 4-F 

112 S. Main. 
Herald 4-E 

Bdwy., bet. First and Second. 
High School 2-E 

Hill and Fort Moore. 
Immanuel Presby'n Church. . . . 10-A 

Tenth and Figueroa. 
Jonathari Club 7-E 

Pacific Electric Building. 
Los Angeles Transfer Co 8-E 

753 S. Spring. 



^lason Opera House 4-E 

Bdwy., bet. First and Second. 
News 9-D 

Eighth and Spring. 
Orpheum 5-E 

S. Spring, bet. 2nd and 3r(l. 
Pacific Coast Steamship Co.... 6-E 

328 S. Spring. 
Polytechnic High School 15-B 

Washington, near Hope. 
Post Office 8-C 

Seventh and Grand. 
Postal Telegraph Co 5-E 

238 S. Spring. 
Public Library 5-E 

Laughlin Building. 
Record 8-F 

612 Wall St. 
S. P. Depot 7-1 

Fifth and Central. 
S. P., L. A. & S. L 7-E 

Sixth and Spring. 
Salt Lake Depot 2-K 

First and Myers. 
Santa Fe Depot 3-K 

Santa Fe Ave., bet. 1st and 2nd. 
Santa Fe Office 6-E 

334 S. Spring. 
Simpson Auditorium 9-B 

Hope, bet. Eighth and Ninth. 
St. Vincent College 15-B 

Grand Ave. and Washington. 
Swedish Baptist Church 9-D 

171 W. Eighth St. 
Swedish Lutheran Church 14-A 

Seventeenth and Hope. 
Temple Auditorium 6-C 

Fifth and Olive. 
Times 4-E 

First and Broadway. 
L'nitarian Church 9-B 

927 S. Flower. 
I'nited Presbyterian Church .... 9-A 

Ninth and S. Figueroa. 
Wells Fargo Express Co 6-E 

445 S. Main.^ 
Western Union Telegraph Co. ..4-E 

First and Spring. 
Y. M. C. A 7-D 

621 S. Broadway. 
N'. W. C. A 5-D 

Third and Hill. 



JUL 24 1907 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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